Today I wrote some talk about it, mainly to go to Nanjing. I am indeed a little fascinated by Wuyi Lane. I have written so much. I believe everyone is a little curious about this Wuyi Lane. Today, Xiaojing will talk about Wuyi Lane. First, start with Liu Yuxi's song "Wuyi Lane".

"Wuyi Lane" Author: Liu Yuxi, Tang Dynasty

Wild grass and flowers beside Zhuque Bridge, and the sunset at Wuyi Lane is slanted.

In the old days, the swallows in front of the King and Xie Hall flew into the homes of ordinary people.

Wuyi Lane has a long history. According to records, its name originated from the Three Kingdoms period. During the Battle of Red Cliff, Sun Quan and Liu Bei formed an alliance to defeat the Cao army, laying the foundation for the situation of three divisions of the world. At that time, Cao Pi was called emperor and the country was named "Wei". In 221 AD, Liu Bei was called emperor and the country was named "Han", commonly known as Shu or Shu Han. In 229 AD, Sun Quan became emperor and the country was named "Wu", which was known in history as Eastern Wu. In July of the autumn of that year, Sun Quan moved the capital from Wuchang to Nanjing, and changed Moling to Jianye. Sun Quan was the first emperor to establish an army capital in history. At that time, Sun Quan's soldiers were all wearing black clothes, and the place where the troops were stationed was called Wuyi Camp.

In 280 AD, the Jin army captured Jianye, Sun Hao surrendered, Wu was destroyed, Jianye was converted into Jianye (there is a district in Nanjing called Jianye District).

In 290 AD, Emperor Wu of Jin died, and the palace and the kings fought for power and killed each other, resulting in the "rebellion" of the Eight Kings. In 307 AD, Emperor Huai of Jin appointed King Langya "Sima Rui" as General Andong, managing Yangzhou, Jiangnan and other places. In 317 AD, the then emperor Sima Ye was captured and the Western Jin Dynasty was destroyed. The following year, Sima Rui was promoted to the emperor and established his capital Jiankang, which is now Nanjing.

The reason why Sima Rui was able to establish and reorganize the regime in Jianye and reorganize the Jin Dynasty again was due to Wang Dao's planning and handling. The Wang family represented by Wang Dao and the Xie family represented by Xie An both lived in the former site of the Wuyi Camp in Sunwu. At this time, the Wuyi Camp had been renamed "Wuyi Lane".

The bricks and stones in Wuyi Lane are closely linked to the history of the two major families of Wang Dao and Xie An. The history of the two major families of Wang Dao and Xie An is undoubtedly closely linked to the history of the entire Eastern Jin Dynasty and even the entire cultural history of China.

In a mere alley, there were several powerful figures living in it.

Wang Dao assisted in the establishment of the Eastern Jin Dynasty with a century-old history; Xie An commanded the Battle of Feishui, defeating the millions of Fu Qin's army with fewer defeats. As a famous prime minister, Wang Dao was able to make future generations pay attention to him. Wang Dao was an important minister in the process of establishing the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At first, he was Andong Sima Rui, the king of Langyan, the Jin Dynasty. In the late Western Jin Dynasty, the "disturbance" of the Eight Kings broke out, and the rule of the Western Jin Dynasty collapsed. Wang Dao judged the situation and believed that the world was "disturbance" and that Sima Rui could revitalize the Jin Dynasty. So he devoted himself to it and planned it. It was he who persuaded Sima Rui to move the capital to Jiankang (Jianye of the Eastern Wu, today's Nanjing)

, laid the foundation for the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It was he who relied on the power of the northern geniuses to unite the geniuses in Jiangnan and assisted Sima Rui in establishing the Eastern Jin regime that was in peace and Jiangzuo. He served as the prime minister of the Yuan, Ming and Emperors of Jin, and maintained a stable situation in the Eastern Jin Dynasty with the principle of "restraining them to be quiet and the feelings of the whole people are at peace". As a hero of the Jin Dynasty's revival, Wang Dao was extremely successful and had a glory for a while. It is said that on the day Sima Rui ascended the emperor, he actually wanted to pull Wang Dao to him and receive congratulations from all officials. There is even a saying among the people that "king and horses share the world", which shows that his power is so powerful.

This founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, his mansion was in Wuyi Lane.

Xie An, a figure who can compare to Zhuge Liang in history. He became famous at a young age and once lived in seclusion in Dongshan. He used Zhuge himself to describe himself until he was in his forties. He left the idiom for later generations: "An Shi refused to leave, so why are you the people?" Xie Wan was defeated and dismissed, and no one of the Xie brothers served as a high-ranking official. In order to avoid decline in the family, Xie An resolutely decided to become an official. In August of the fourth year of Shengping, Xie An became the Sima of Huan Wen, the general of the Western Expedition. At that time, Huan Wen was very happy to have Xie An as a subordinate. He said to his entourage: "Have you ever seen such a talented person among my subordinates?" Xie An was not at the beginning, but he had prestige. He recommended dozens of disciples to hire Zhao Yuezi, the general of Tian Cao, and Zhao Yuezi reported to Huan Wen, and Huan Wen asked him to hire him.

Half, but Zhao Yuezi believed: "When Xie An was in Dongshan, officials and celebrities repeatedly urged him to "force" because he was afraid that he would not care about political situations and personnel. Today, he elected scholars from his hometown, so there was no reason to not use them." So, all of them were hired. At the beginning of his tenure, he successfully stopped Huan Wen's usurpation of the throne. In the eighth year of Taiyuan, he commanded a miraculous battle in Chinese history: the Battle of Feishui. He defeated Fu Jian, the Former Qin Dynasty with 80,000 elite troops, thus laying the foundation for 300 Southern Dynasties.

The stable situation in 2019. In this battle that is considered to be a change of Chinese history, Xie An was free and showed his elegance. According to the "Book of Jin - Biography of Xie An", when the victory of the Battle of Feishui came, he was playing chess with someone. After reading the military book, he was expressionless and continued to make a move. Others couldn't help but ask him, but he just said lightly: "The young children have defeated the thief." He was so calm. This figure who turned the tide and saved the Eastern Jin Dynasty's country and was in a prefecture. His mansion was also in Wuyi Lane.

Xie Daoyun, the daughter of General Xie Yi of Anxi, was a famous talented woman. She once used the word "not as good as willow catkins rising from the wind" to describe snow, which was a famous line. Later, she married Wang Ningzhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, and was dissatisfied with her mediocrity and sighed: "I really don't know that there is such a Wang Lang under the sky." It has become a classic of the idiom "Wang Lang in the sky".

Xie Lingyun, Xie An's grandson, was a poet who occupied an important position in the history of Chinese literature and the originator of the landscape poetry school. His poems were hailed as like lotus coming out of water. The famous line "Spring grass grows in the pond, and willows turn into birds in the garden" has been passed down for thousands of years, and I don't know how many literati and poets have been admired. Xie Huilian, Xie Lingyun's clan's brother, and a poet from the Southern Song Dynasty. He was quite famous at that time.

Xie Tiao, also known as Xiao Xie, a poet of the Southern Qi Dynasty, was the brother of Xie An. The developer of landscape poetry was extremely famous. It is said that Emperor Wu of Liang once said: "If you don't read Xie Tiao's poem for three days, you will feel bad breath." Li Bai, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, highly praised him, and he repeatedly mentioned it in his poems and chanted it. Later generations even said that Li Bai's "relent his head to Xuancheng for a lifetime". He was called "Three Xies" together with Xie Lingyun and Xie Huilian.

In terms of royal family, the saint of calligraphy Wang Xizhi was famous all over the world. He was the son of Wang Dao's consul. The work "Lanting Preface" has always been regarded as "the world's number one running script."

Wang Xianzhi, the son of Wang Xizhi, is also a famous calligrapher. He is known as the "little saint". Together with his father, he is called the two saints, and they are both first-class figures in the history of calligraphy.

Wang Tanzhi, Wang Huizhi, and Wang Ningzhi in the Wang family are not unknown people, and various stories have been passed down to this day.

In addition, the famous poets in Jiankang at that time were famous poets Yan Yannian, Shen Yue, Bao Zhao, Prince Xiao Tong, who compiled "Zhaoming Wenshu", Liu Xie, who wrote "Wenxin Diaolong", and Zhong Rong, author of "Poetry Pian", and Zhang Sengyou, the protagonist of the idiom "Princessing the Dragon". If the scope is further relaxed, we can also include mathematician Zu Chongzhi, astronomer Yu Xi, chemist Ge Hong, medical scientist Tao Jinghong, philosopher, Fan Zhen, who wrote "Theory of the Destruction of the God", and Faxian, etc. In Jiankang, these people will have more or less relationships with Wuyi Lane, a high-end residential area.

This is a great era. As Yu Qiuyu said, these people can almost be called masters in their respective fields. In the storms of the times, Wuyi Lane witnessed all this with his own eyes. This is the luck of Wuyi Lane. Its name has been written into history with the reputation of this large number of geniuses and can no longer be erased.

The gold and romantic flow of the Six Dynasties laid the most brilliant color on the Qinhuai River and Wuyi Lane. However, with the collapse of an era, the myths of Wuyi Lane and even the myths of the Six Dynasties of Jinling were in full swing.

In 581 AD, the Sui Dynasty destroyed Chen and unified the country. On the day when Jinling City was destroyed, the palaces of the Six Dynasties were burned down. Fires continued for several days. In order to prevent separatist areas in Jinling, Jinling was reduced to the status of ordinary prefectures and counties. At this time, the Wang Xiexian tribe had long been declining, and the Qinhuai River, which seemed to be full of glory, no longer remained like the style of the past. The Sui Dynasty's country was very short and was soon destroyed by the Tang Dynasty. The wars and chaos continued for years, so the ancient sites of the Six Dynasties, the prosperous past were destroyed to ashes, replaced by broken walls and tiles, and devastated. Gaofu Huadi in Wuyi Lane had long been gone, with weeds everywhere, scorched earth and crows, and only the Huai River was still there, and it was just a desolate flowing.

But as desolate as it is, it still attracts countless literati and poets. And the ones who came are not ordinary people.

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After entering the Tang Dynasty, Wuyi Lane fell into ruins. The popular poem by Liu Yuxi, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, said: "Wild grass and flowers beside the Zhuque Bridge, the sunset at the Wuyi Lane is slanted, and the swallows in front of the Wang Xie Hall in the old days flew into the homes of ordinary people." This is the sigh of this place. With just a few strokes, it depicts the vicissitudes of Wuyi Lane from the Six Dynasties to the Middle Tang Dynasty. From then on, Wuyi Lane has become famous both in China and abroad, including Li Bai, Cui Hao, Liu Yuxi, Du Mu, Li Shangyin, and Wei Zhuang. The greatest poets of the Tang Dynasty visited Jinling.

After the Southern Tang Dynasty, people continued to come in the Song and Yuan dynasties.

Wang Anshi, Zhou Bangyan, Zhu Dunru, Sadula, etc. The most famous poets of the Song and Yuan dynasties came to visit Jinling. They all came to nostalgia.

Li Bai came to Jinling, and he climbed up to the Phoenix Platform, looked at Bailuzhou, and then said: "The flowers and plants in Wu Palace are buried in the secluded paths, and the clothes in the Jin Dynasty are made into ancient hills." ("Climbing the Phoenix Platform in Jinling")

Famous quotes and works throughout the ages.

Du Mu came. He was moored on the Qinhuai River at night and heard the sound of strings and songs, so he said: "The business girl did not know the regret of the country's destruction, but she still sang the flowers across the river." ("Baiping on the Qinhuai River") It is another famous line and one of the famous works that have been eternal.

Wuyi Lane finally waited for Liu Yuxi, "weeds and flowers by Zhuque Bridge, sunset at the entrance of Wuyi Lane", and "swallows in front of Wang Xie Hall in the old days flew into the homes of ordinary people."

The dew was washed away and the red color fell. The powder of the Six Dynasties went east with the Qinhuai River. The old dreams of prosperity would never come back again as the music dissipated. Now Wuyi Lane is already in trouble. The originally magnificent Zhuque Bridge has long been overgrown and decadent; the originally solemn and grand Wuyi Lane is only the setting sun like blood. How many romantic figures of the Wang Xie clan back then are now there? Now there is only a ruin here, and the most ordinary people live in the crumbling low houses. Only the flying swallows seem to be familiar, and they are left to witness the changes of the world.

The whole poem seems to be hidden without being "dewed", but the desolation of history, the impermanence of the world, the white clouds and glory of wealth and glory, and the loneliness behind fame, fame, honor and disgrace are revealed in this seven-character quatrain that is unprecedentedly thorough, unprecedentedly painful, helpless, full of fate.

Literary history remembers Wuyi Lane at this moment. From this moment on, all the literati, scholar, officials, students, and people in later generations could not escape the name of Wuyi Lane as long as he or she faced literature.

Before leaving, Liu Yuxi looked at the broken alley for the last time. But he didn't know that at that moment, Wuyi Lane was reborn among the weeds and ruins. At that moment, Wuyi Lane no longer needed any bricks and tiles to rebuild, it had already been eternal.

In addition to "Wuyi Lane", Liu Yuxi also left other famous quotes in Jinling. The mountain surrounded his homeland, and the "tide" hit the empty city and returned lonely. ("Stone City") The past few times in the world, but the shape of the mountain still lies in the cold current. ("Xisai Mountain Nostalgia") ... After the tragedy of Li Houzhu, the poets of the Song and Yuan dynasties came again.

Wang Anshi's "Guizhixiang - Nostalgia in Jinling" stands out among more than 30 poems with the same name:

... Sighing outside the door, sadness and hatred continue.

It is a great success for all ages, and I am full of honor and disgrace for this.

The old events of the Six Dynasties followed the flowing water, but the cold smoke faded and the grass condensed green.

To this day, the Shang women still sing songs in the harem.

It is said that after reading this poem, Su Dongpo sighed: This old man is a wild fox spirit.

Zhou Bangyan, the master of Song Ci, showed a rare tragic tragedy:

... The old traces are gone, lush and fog is still half-story.

The moon passes the woman's wall late at night, looking east at the Huai River.

The wine flags and drums are so popular in the city? I want to vaguely thank the king and the neighbors.

The swallows don’t know where they are, but they face each other to strangers’ houses, such as the rise and fall of the sun. ("Xihe-Jinling Nostalgia")

The poet Sadulla of the Yuan Dynasty even brought the idea of ​​nostalgia to the fullest:

The sixth generation is luxurious, and spring is gone, and there is no news.

Looking at the sky, the mountains and rivers are beautiful, and they are no longer the past.

The two swallows in front of Wang Xie’s hall were met at the entrance of Wuyi Lane.

Listening to the late night, loneliness hits the lonely city, the spring tide is urgent.

Wuyi Lane and Wang Xietang have been sublimated among these famous works of eternal ages. Wuyi Lane is no longer a small alley. It has become a symbol of the rise and fall of Jinling and has become the endorsement of the changes of ancient and modern times. Wuyi Lane has unknowingly developed a vicissitudes of life and a deep smell of history. Wuyi Lane has been deeply engraved into the skin of Chinese culture, integrated into its blood, and can no longer be separated.

Therefore, whether Wuyi Lane is still prosperous or a pile of ruins has become no longer important, and no one cares about whether there is such . As long as its name is there, someone will come to hang out thousands of miles, someone will sigh and write new poems or new lyrics after another, and some will even shed two lines of tears because of it for no reason as a deep memorial to culture.

If Wang Dao and Xie Anling are extraordinary; Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Xie Lingyun are extraordinary; then Liu Yuxi, Zhou Bangyan and Sadula make it immortal.

A pile of legendary immortality in ruins.

However, the story of Wuyi Lane has not ended at this point because Nanjing is really a city with many disasters.

Zhu Yuanzhang came. As one of the few emperors in Chinese history who started from the south, he set his capital in Nanjing. The Nanjing city wall, which is regarded as a treasure by people today, was built. However, not long after Zhu Yuanzhang's death, Zhu Di, the Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty, raised the matter and drove Emperor Jianwen off the stage, and then dragged a large number of precious beauties to Beijing to build his Forbidden City.

So Nanjing seemed to be fine, and the two sides of the Qinhuai River became more and more lively day by day. The high-ranking officials, wealthy businessmen and wealthy people came one after another; the jade pavilion, dance pavilion, singing platform, and the scales were citrus. The fireworks flowed during the day, and the moon shone at night. Although there was no Wuyi Lane, Qinhuai also seemed to have returned to the peak of the Six Dynasties. The wild grass and sunset had faded from people's eyes, replaced by pepper blue and red pink, the "prostitute" building, and the "whole" was drunk on the gold. Although

There was another man named Wu Jingzi by the Qinhuai River who was writing hard, wanting to use a "Scholars" to express something, but no one listened to him or paid attention to him. "The people around the house are like the moon, and the white wrists are fluttering in the frost and snow." In the bright eyes and the wine, Liu Yuxi's brush was deeply engraved in the cultural bones, as if he was corroded by the peach blossom wine little by little. Until one day, the Ming Dynasty suddenly began to collapse.

This history is a legendary history. It is impossible to count how many struggles, resistances, struggles, and shouts have been passed in the process. Today's historians all pointed out that during this period before the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, which had reached its peak and had reached its extreme spiritual depravity, showed an abnormal tragic and generous manner before its death. Today, when we read history, we almost felt dizzy about the legendary stories that happened on the border of Qinhuai at that time. Suddenly, all moral concepts were translated into

After all, the fireworks woman became the protagonist of history. If the history of the Ming Dynasty was just Yuan Chonghuan on the execution ground, just Chongzhen on the coal mountain, just Shi Kefa’s Yangzhou City, then we can say it was tragic. But if there were still Liu Rushi who wanted to jump into the pool and Qian Qianyi, the Grand Secretary who thought the water was too cold to go down, if there were also Liu Jingting, the storyteller who ran for loyalty and righteousness, and the young master Hou Fangyu who finally surrendered, if there were Li Xiangjun's legendary blood-splattering peach blossoms and the last helpless sigh of "sending the Southern Dynasty under the peach blossom fan", we can say more than tragic

, even more sad. The history of the fall of the Ming Dynasty was an unprecedented and painful history.

Therefore, in addition to the sighs of vicissitudes and changes, the ancient capital of Jinling began to add more sad and painful colors.
Chapter completed!