of 21.1; ground tracking network was US$7.19 billion, accounting for 1.834; operating and recovery operating expenses were US$4.93 billion, accounting for 1.26; other facilities were US$5.32 billion, accounting for 1.346.

The main purpose of the "Discovery" program is to achieve a breakthrough in manned space flight to Jupiter. It will send a spacecraft carrying an astronaut into Jupiter's orbit, land safely on the ground after flying for half a month, and examine the impact of the local environment on the human body.

The ability to work in the local environment. The focus is to solve the problems of the spacecraft's re-entry aerodynamics, thermal dynamics and human errors on the effects of high acceleration and zero gravity that have never been encountered before. The total length of the "discovery" spacecraft is about 29 m,

The maximum diameter at the bottom is 18.6 m, and it weighs about 13 to 18 t. It is composed of a truncated cone-shaped cockpit and a cylindrical parachute cabin. Only one astronaut can sit in the cockpit. The maximum designed flight time is 15 years, and the longest flight time is

75 days, of course, all spent flying around the earth.

The attitude control system of the "Discover" spacecraft is mainly automatic control, with two manual control methods as backup. The astronauts only use the hand control device to control the flight attitude of the spacecraft when necessary, and it only plays an auxiliary role in the control of the spacecraft. Basically,

The above is a subject used by ground researchers to understand people's adaptability to the space flight environment. However, people's subjective initiative was also shown during the flight.

Another manned spacecraft of the Energy Group, Hope. It will conduct a total of 100 manned flights from March 2022 to November 2036. The main purpose is to conduct maneuvering flights, rendezvous, docking and astronaut trial extravehicles in orbit.

Activities, etc. To make final preparations for actual activities, the "Gemini" spacecraft weighs about 32 to 38 tons, has a maximum diameter of 3 meters, and is composed of two cabins: the cockpit and the equipment cabin. The cockpit is divided into sealed and non-sealed parts.

.The sealed cabin is equipped with display instruments, control equipment, waste disposal devices and two ejection seats for two astronauts, as well as food and water. Radio equipment, life support systems and parachutes are installed in the unsealed cabin.

There is also a radar and docking device for rendezvous at the front end of the cockpit, and the bottom of the cockpit is covered with reentry heat-proof materials. The equipment compartment is divided into an upper cabin and a lower cabin. 4 brake engines are mainly installed in the upper cabin. In the lower cabin, there are orbital maneuvering engines and

Its fuel, orbital communication equipment, fuel cells, etc. There are many pipes flowing coolant on the inner wall of the equipment cabin, so the equipment cabin is also a space heat radiator. There is also a probe vehicle inside the spacecraft. If the local conditions are acceptable, these two

Astronauts still need to go to the surface of Jupiter to have a look. If it's not good, they can stay on it.

Because the temperature of Jupiter is very high, the cooling equipment on the spacecraft alone is an astronomical figure. If this is activated on the earth, it is estimated that people within a few hundred meters of the instrument will be frozen to death in an instant.

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Jupiter is one of the eight planets in the solar system. It is the fifth in order from the sun (from near to far). It is also the largest and fastest rotating planet in the solar system. Jupiter has 63 known satellites. Jupiter is mainly composed of hydrogen and helium. The center

The temperature is estimated to be as high as 30,500c. In ancient China, it was called the Sui Star, which took 12 years to orbit the celestial sphere, which is the same as the earthly branches. Western languages ​​generally call it Jupiter (Latin: Jupiter), which comes from the many figures in Roman mythology.

The King of Gods is equivalent to Zeus in Greek mythology.

It was not without his own reasons that Li Cong chose Jupiter for the first time. Although it was very harsh there, sometimes it could be a good thing. Li Cong attached great importance to this plan because it was about exploring the outer world of Mars.

From the beginning, in the future, the veil of the universe will be unraveled in your own hands. Moreover, the earth is too small. If you want to compete with outside civilizations, this is not suitable. By then, aliens will be like Columbus.

Same, and the people on earth are the indigenous people, so they must prepare before this era comes. Li Er absolutely supports his father's idea. Maybe both father and son have this awareness of crisis.

Jupiter has the largest volume and mass among the eight planets in the solar system. It has an extremely huge mass, more than 2.5 times that of the other seven planets combined, 317.89 times that of the Earth, and its volume is 1,316 times that of the Earth. According to the relationship with the sun

In order of distance from near to far, Jupiter ranks fifth. At the same time, Jupiter is also the fastest rotating planet in the solar system. It only takes 9 hours, 50 minutes and 30 seconds to rotate once, so Jupiter is not a perfect sphere, but flat at the poles and at the equator.

A three-axis ellipsoid with a pronounced flattening. Jupiter is the fourth brightest star in the sky, after the sun, the moon and Venus (sometimes, Jupiter is slightly dimmer than Mars, but sometimes it is darker than Venus.

brighter), because Jupiter is huge and has a strong ability to reflect sunlight. Jupiter is mainly composed of hydrogen and helium, of which the hydrogen content is 84, the helium content is 14, the others are only 2, and the core temperature is estimated to be as high as 30500c.

There is a Great Red Spot on the surface of Jupiter, located in the southern part of Jupiter's equator. It is 48,000 kilometers from east to west at its longest and more than 20,000 kilometers at its minimum. It is 14,000 kilometers from north to south and 11,000 kilometers at its shortest.

It covers an area of ​​approximately 453,250,000 square kilometers and can accommodate three Earths. There is still debate about what it is. Many people believe that it is an endless whirlwind. The Great Red Spot was discovered in 1665 by Cassini, an astronomer of French descent.

, rotates in a counterclockwise direction every 6 Earth days, often rolling up cloud towers up to 8 kilometers high. It often changes color and shape, but never disappears completely. This is also an important goal of this exploration, Li

I also hope to know what it is. People in other countries will definitely not know it clearly. As long as I know it, I will be ahead of them.

Gaseous planets have no solid surface, and the density of their gaseous material only increases with depth. What we see is usually the top of the clouds in the atmosphere. Jupiter is composed of 84 hydrogen and 14 helium (the ratio of the number of atoms,

It is composed of a mass ratio of 7525) and trace amounts of methane, water, ammonia and "stone". Jupiter's atmosphere is very thick, with a thickness of 3,000 kilometers. Under the atmosphere, there is a layer of liquid hydrogen 27,000 kilometers thick, and below it is metal

Hydrogen is very similar to the composition of the original solar system nebula that formed the entire solar system. Saturn has a similar composition, which is also a dense atmosphere. There is a 26,000-kilometer-thick liquid hydrogen layer under the atmosphere, and there is also metallic hydrogen below.

But in the composition of Uranus and Neptune, the amount of hydrogen and helium is less. In fact, these things are just scientists’ guesses based on some things. As for what they are, no one knows. This time, I hope it can go down to 3000

Going a thousand meters below is also the highest goal of action. Of course, it would be best if we can improve our lives there.

With the launch of interplanetary space probes, many previously unknown facts about celestial bodies in the solar system are constantly revealed, and the discovery of Jupiter's rings is one of them. Jupiter's rings are also an important target of this event, and Li Cong could not find the information.

, why does Jupiter have a ring but the Earth does not? As early as 1974, when the "Pioneer 11" probe visited Jupiter, it observed the absorption characteristics of high-energy charged particles about 130,000 kilometers away from Jupiter. Two years later

Some people suggested that this phenomenon can be explained by the existence of dust rings on Jupiter. Unfortunately, no one conducted further quantitative research at that time to speculate on the physical properties of this hypothetical ring. On August 20 and September 5, 1977, the United States launched the "Voyager"

1" and "Voyager 2" space probes. After a year and a half of long journey, "Voyager 1" passed through the equatorial plane of Jupiter. At this time, the narrow-angle camera it carried was 1.2 million kilometers away from Jupiter.

The place took photos of the very faint rings of Jupiter. In July of the same year, the Voyager 2, which arrived later, obtained more information about the rings of Jupiter.

Based on the study of photos taken by spacecraft, it is now known that the Jupiter ring system is mainly composed of three parts: bright ring, dark ring and halo. The thickness of the ring does not exceed 30 kilometers. The bright ring is about 130,000 kilometers away from the center of Jupiter and 6,000 kilometers wide.

Kilometers. The dark ring is on the inner side of the bright ring, up to 50,000 kilometers wide, and its inner edge is almost in contact with Jupiter's atmosphere. The opacity of the bright ring is very low, and its ring particles can only intercept about one ten thousandth of the passing sunlight.

.There is a bright band about 700 kilometers wide near the outer edge of the bright ring. It is about 10 times brighter than the rest of the ring. The brightness of the dark ring is only a fraction of the brightness ring. The halo extends to various places above and below the ring.

10,000 kilometers, it extends to the farthest point on both sides of the dark ring, and the outer boundary is slightly farther than the bright ring. It is estimated that the size of the ring particles is about 2 microns, which can really be regarded as particles. Such micron-sized particles are due to radiation

The lifespan is much shorter than the life of the solar system due to pressure, micrometeorite impacts and other reasons. In order to confirm that Jupiter's rings are a relatively stable structure, several possible ring particle supplementary sources have been proposed to maintain the dynamic stability of the number of small dust particles.

. But what the real thing is, no one knows yet, but Li Er looked at the huge spaceship in front of him and felt that this mystery could be solved.

In the past, some people speculated that there is a dust layer or ring near Jupiter, but it has never been confirmed. In March 1979, when "Voyager 1" inspected Jupiter, it took photos of Jupiter's rings. Soon, "Voyager 2" We obtained more information about Jupiter's rings and finally confirmed that Jupiter also has rings. The shape of Jupiter's rings is like a thin disk, with a thickness of about 30 kilometers and a width of about 9,400 kilometers. It is 128,000 kilometers away from Jupiter. The rings are divided into inner rings. And the outer ring, the outer ring is brighter, the inner ring is darker, almost connected with the atmosphere of Jupiter. The spectral type of the ring is g-type, and the ring also orbits Jupiter, making one revolution every 7 hours. The ring of Jupiter is made of many black gravels It is composed of blocks with diameters ranging from tens to hundreds of meters. Because black stones do not reflect sunlight, they have not been discovered by us for a long time.

There are auroras at the poles of Jupiter, which seem to be formed by material erupted from volcanoes on Io entering the atmosphere of Jupiter along Jupiter's gravitational lines. Jupiter has rings. The ring system is a common feature of the giant planets in the solar system, and is mainly composed of black It is composed of gravel, snow and other materials. The rings of Jupiter are difficult to observe. It is not as spectacular as Saturn, but it can be divided into four rings. The rings of Jupiter are about 9,400 kilometers wide, but less than 30 kilometers thick, and the rings of Jupiter are surrounded by light. Jupiter takes about 7 hours to rotate once.

In addition, the satellites on Jupiter are also very unique things, but this time it is impossible to have so much time to detect many Jupiter satellites. If there was only one like the Earth, I would definitely take a look. As of 2031, Jupiter has been found to have 66 satellites. Due to the gravitational force generated by the ny?tk satellite (the latest Jupiter probe launched by the Energy Group, which is much more than the American Galileo), the movement of Jupiter is gradually slowing down. Similarly, the same tidal force has also changed The orbits of the satellites make them slowly and gradually move away from Jupiter. The influence of tidal forces on Io, Europa, and Ganymede makes the orbital and co-movement relationship fixed at 1:2:4 and change together. The same is true for Callisto One part of this. In the next hundreds of millions of years, Callisto will also be locked, orbiting with twice the orbital period of Ganymede and eight times that of Io. Jupiter's moons were touched by Zeus in his lifetime The myths named after people (mostly his lovers) are very beautiful, but it may not be so beautiful if you look at it in the past.

As we all know, the reason why the sun continues to emit a large amount of light and heat is because nuclear fusion reactions are going on inside the sun all the time, and a large amount of energy is released during the nuclear fusion process. Jupiter is a huge liquid hydrogen planet, and it already has indescribable properties. Comparable natural nuclear fuel, and the central temperature of Jupiter has reached 280,000 K, which provides the high-temperature conditions required for thermonuclear reactions. As for the high-pressure conditions required for thermonuclear reactions, the contraction speed of Jupiter and the energy released and carried by the sun are Judging from the accretion characteristics of energetic particles, after billions of years of evolution, the central pressure of Jupiter can reach the pressure level required for the initial nuclear reaction.

Once a large-scale thermonuclear reaction breaks out on Jupiter, the atmosphere of Jupiter, which moves in the form of strange vortices, will act as a "transmitter" to release nuclear heat energy. Therefore, some scientists speculate that after a few billion years, Jupiter will change its shape Its identity has changed from a planet to a veritable star.

The composition of Jupiter is very similar to that of the Sun, but it does not burn like the Sun because its mass is too small. In order for Jupiter to become a star like the Sun, it needs to increase its mass to 100 times its current size. According to astronomers

According to calculations, only a mass greater than 7% of the mass of the sun can carry out fusion reactions and emit light and heat. Li Cong originally wanted to establish a base on Jupiter. If Jupiter will eventually evolve into the sun, then this plan will have to be re-

After thinking about it, if the time is long, it will not affect me. If the time is short, it may be?????

"Haha, why is this huge guy so big? No wonder my father is so interested in this thing." Li Er looked at the beautiful Jupiter in the picture and said, what is on it, it seems that we will know it soon.

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"President, according to the Daily Mail, Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. Scientists have recently discovered that the reason why it is so huge is that it once swallowed a planet that was 10 times the size of the Earth. Jupiter's

The volume is 1,316 times that of the Earth. However, according to the measurement results of the spacecraft, this behemoth has a very small core, which is only 10 times as heavy as the Earth's core. Scientists believe that Jupiter once collided with a star that is 10 times the size of the Earth.

Heavy element materials such as metals in its core vaporized in the violent impact and were mixed with hydrogen and helium in the atmosphere. This is also the reason why Jupiter's atmosphere is denser. And the star that could have grown into a large planet

Then it was swallowed up by Jupiter in this collision. As for whether this is the case, I don't know, but people in the scientific community believe this statement." One of the guys who went to Jupiter to explore this time, Liu Yunfei, Liu

The young man from the family said that his biggest wish was to go out and have a look. This was not to go to another city or country, but to outer space. Li Cong happened to give this guy a chance.

This latest research result reveals that at the beginning of the formation of the solar system, there was a cruel and fierce "survival competition" between various planets. At that time, the solar system was a battlefield where the weak and the strong preyed on the strong. Asteroids continued to collide and combine, resulting in larger planets.

will continue to devour other asteroids. In fact, our earth was also born in this process. Two stars with a size equivalent to Mars and Venus collided together to form the early earth and moon. At that time, the temperature of the earth reached 7000 degrees Celsius.

Rocks and metals are melted.

"Haha, I just know that big fish eat small fish in nature. You have to be careful this time. This matter is still very confidential. Look over there, when you launch, we will launch several satellites at the same time.

Confuse the attention of other countries. They know that we are ahead on the satellite, but if they know that we have started the Mu Xing detection plan, maybe no one in the Skull and Bones Society can sleep, right?" Li Er said with a smile, and Liu Yunfei was surprised.

I took a look not far away and saw four ny-bb01 rockets. It seemed that the group had made a lot of money on this detection plan this time.

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Chapter completed!