Volume 3, The Ming Dynasty, Chapter 45
.Customs is known as the world's most powerful pass, but it is actually just a small city. The north of Zhou is leaning against Yanshan Mountain and connected to the sea in the south, so it is named Shanhaiguan. This Shanhaiguan has a history of only more than 200 years. It is said that it was built by King Xu Da of Zhongshan and Liu Bowen. The entire pass is 14 meters high and 7 meters thick. The city is connected to the Great Wall. The city is connected to the city, and the building is opposite to the building, which is indeed a pass./
Although Shanhaiguan is not big, there can only be thousands of people stationed in the city. However, the land on both sides is fertile and the climate is mild. As long as Shanhaiguan is blocked, large areas of fields can be reclaimed for the soldiers and people to cultivate, providing a large amount of food and fodder for the front. After Nurhaci's rise, Shanhaiguan highlighted its important position. If it occupied Shanhaiguan, it occupied dozens of kilometers of fertile land on the front line of the Great Wall in the pass. This is related to the vital interests of the generals. Therefore, although the Ming army was defeated again and again on the Liaodong front, Shanhaiguan was always in the hands of the Ming army. The Qing army repeatedly attacked the key points, and the Ming army had exposed its rare combat power and had to retreat in depressed manner. It became a real iron wall.
Unfortunately, the most solid protector can be easily broken from the inside. Wu Sangui led the Qing army into the pass, and this strong city was easily laid at the feet of the Qing army, and its status also declined. Although the city wall and pass are still there, there are only more than a thousand troops stationed in the city. The Qing general who guarded the city was only one Jiala Ezhen, with five Niulu below.
With the strength of Sun Kexian and Yin Hongsheng, any team is far superior to the Qing army in Shanhaiguan. It is just easy to capture the pass. It is not easy to prevent a Qing army from escaping. For Shanhaiguan, they can still only be smart and not attack forcefully.
Early that morning, the gate of Shanhaiguan opened as usual, and two teams of Qing troops were bored at the city gate, chatting without a word.
The failure of several scout teams to return did not arouse the alertness of the Qing army in the city. It is common for scouts to go out for a few days and do not return. Sometimes, some scouts would even not return for more than ten days in order to hunt, dig ginseng. The original people of Shanhaiguan were all military households. After Wu Sangui led the Qing army into the pass, Dorgon naturally would not feel at ease to let the pass remain in Wu Sangui's hands. Most of the original military households moved inward. Therefore, except for the 1,000 Qing soldiers and family members in the city, the people did not have many soldiers.
Compared with the prosperity of the capital, the Qing army guarding Shanhaiguan was undoubtedly very hard-working. Hunting, digging wild ginseng, and prey meat could improve the food, fur, wild ginseng, mountain goods, etc. to merchants who came to buy it, and they could always make some extra money. As long as it was not too much, the officers ignored it. Anyway, this place was at the back, so would there be any danger?
The city gate seemed very deserted, and only the woodcutters who were carrying peddlers in the fields of vegetable fields and chopping wood passed by. The Qing army guarding the gate was too lazy to answer these people. Occasionally, if there were any peddlers who were interested in, they would take a handful of vegetables. When they encountered peddlers carrying meat and fish into the fields of the city, they would have a bright eye and would have taken some without hesitation.
The vendors were familiar with these soldiers. Although they cursed in their hearts, they still had to keep a smile on their faces. It was June now, and all kinds of vegetables were on the market, and there were many varieties. The Qing army guarding the city was not too greedy. Everyone took a little to eat. They also knew the principle of fishing in endless waters. If they took too much and the vendors had no profit, who would still pick vegetables, pick fish and meat into the city? Should other troops in the city drink the northwest wind?
By noon, the vendors had already sold out the vegetables and left the city happily or depressed. They were happy that they had sold at a good price today. They were naturally depressed and naturally had reasons for being depressed. Perhaps the vegetables had not been sold at a high price, or they had lost bets in the city... As these vendors left the city, the city gate was even more deserted.
A rumbling sound came. All the Qing troops guarding the city were energetic. The sound of this rumbling sound was the sound of a large caravan. Generally, only caravans had it. There were three treasures in the northeast, ginseng, fur, and urla grass. In addition to urla grass, the other two are expensive and extremely luxurious goods in the mainland.
Merchants were seeking profit. Even when the Ming Dynasty was at the most intense battle with Manchus, some merchants risked their lives and walked thousands of miles to Manchus to do business. They used Manchus urgently needed subways, salt, and various luxury goods from Central Plains to exchange for the ginseng, fur, Dongzhu and gold and silver in the hands of Manchus. When they returned home to Central Plains, they would be ten times more profitable.
At that time, most local merchants took a detour from Mongolia to Manzhou. Since the Qing army entered the pass, most of the caravans went to Manzhou to change to Shanhaiguan. Whenever the caravans came to Shanhaiguan, the Qing army guarding the city not only received a lot of filial piety. They also accumulated land fur, ginseng and other items in their hands, and they could also exchange the caravans for various goods they liked. Therefore, the Qing army was extremely enthusiastic about the arrival of each caravan.
Sure enough, a long convoy appeared on the official road in the distance. It seemed to be several miles away. The following were all over the place with some strong men. The carriages were loaded high. The mules and horses were exhausted from pulling the carriage. It was just a layer of rain cloth covering it, making it impossible to see clearly that the carriage was loaded with ground.
"God. So many things. Which caravan is this?" The Qing army on the top of the city saw clearly and asked excitedly.
"It's the Fan family's goods store." A sharp-eyed Qing army said. He had seen a big flag in front of the caravan. The flag was made of bright yellow fabric. It was a big earth style character.
Manchus are still black, but bright yellow is not something that ordinary people can use at will. It is possible for people who use it randomly. The Fan family's goods store can use this bright yellow banner, which is naturally given by the Qing court.
Fan Yongdou, the head of the Fan family, was one of the eight royal merchants who were enfeoffed after the Qing Dynasty entered the pass. The Fan family's goods store was even more in the list. Not only did it purchase goods for the royal family, it also operated Hedong and Changlu Salt Industry, monopolizing the market for precious medicinal materials such as ginseng in Ussuri, Suifen and other places in the northeast.
The Fan family's goods store was able to achieve such a great position, which was naturally related to his early years of being with Manchus. During the period when the Ming Dynasty strictly prohibited trading with Manchus, it was the eight merchants, mainly Fan's family, who were willing to take the odds to transport a steady stream of materials from Zhangjiakou to Manzhou. Manchus could always use the gold and silver snatched from the Central Plains to buy and sell enough grain, iron, cloth and other military supplies. These military supplies made Manchus step by step, and they could snatch more gold and silver from the Central Plains to snatch back more gold and silver from the Central Plains, and it continued. When the eight families with Fan's family made a lot of money, the results of the Ming Dynasty's economic blockade on Manchus were gone, and Manchus fed themselves with the blood of the Ming Dynasty and grew up step by step, and the eight merchants with Fan's family acted as this blood transfusion tube.
After the Qing army entered the pass, Dorgon did not forget to contribute to the Qing Dynasty to these eight major merchants, and asked Shunzhi to personally host a banquet in the Forbidden City and give them clothes. Dorgon and Shunzhi also wanted to give them official titles and rewards. The eight major merchants were flattered and tried their best to refuse. Doer] then he pushed the boat to give these eight men the imperial merchants.
With the emperor's golden signboard, the Fan family's goods store could walk sideways in the Qing court, but the Fan family still maintained a low-key style and was never stingy when dealing with it. Moreover, the business was still known for its trustworthiness. In this way, the Fan family's business was naturally unfavorable and became bigger and bigger. Before the Qing army entered the pass, the Fan family had a net worth of millions of taels. Now no one knows how much money the Fan family has made in recent years. It just knows that the Fan family can be described as wealthy and wealthy.
When all the Qing soldiers heard that it was the Fan family's goods store, they suddenly realized that no wonder the convoy was so large. Many people had a smile on their faces and discussed what goods to buy later. Some Qing soldiers even hurriedly returned home and wanted to take out the fur, ginseng, pearls and other things hidden in their homes. Although a caravan would pass by Shanhaiguan every few days, the price of the Fan family's goods store was the most fair. It was natural that they would not sell it to other small businesses. Moreover, the Fan family's goods store brought the most complete things. If they did not exchange the items they collected, how much could they buy with just a gustan.
Cai Dezhong, Hu Dedi and others looked at the majestic pass with their eyes. The tall city walls stood majestic and the mountains were endless in the distance. The five big characters of the first pass in the world had entered their eyes. Even if they didn't understand calligraphy, they felt that the five fonts were majestic and powerful. They couldn't help but sigh in their hearts: "What a majestic pass."
However, the Qing army standing on the city tower made them feel extremely dazzling. Fortunately, after passing today, the pass will be back to the Ming Dynasty. Cai Dezhong, Hu Dedi and others all looked at each other and smiled. Now it is less than 200 meters away from the city gate. As long as the distance between these 200 meters is exceeded, the army can attack immediately.
Never get into accidents. Everyone prayed secretly in their hearts. Fortunately, Fan's flag was very effective. It was not until the caravan arrived at the city gate that a team of Qing troops came over and signaled the carriage to stop and inspect./
Cai Dezhong made a gesture of inviting people. A man with a boss looked smiling and lifted the rain cloth covered with a car. He turned his head to Cai Dezhong and said, "Shopkeeper Fan, what kind of goods should be covered so tightly?"
Before Cai Dezhong could answer, he saw a "puff." A sharp steel knife was handed out of the car, hitting the lower abdomen of the Qing army's head target. Blood gushed out of the abdomen of the Qing army's leader, his face curled into a ball in pain, and pointed at the figure out of the car: "You...you..." Before he could finish speaking, he fell to the ground with a bang.
The Qing army around them opened their mouths in surprise. Before they could wake up from their astonishment, countless rain cloths were lifted up, and figures were exposed on the carriage. The handlebars in front of them also shook off the whip. With a "drive", the carriage drove back, directly knocking the wooden fence blocking the road and rushing towards the city gate.
"Enemy attacks, enemy attacks.
"The Qing army at the door woke up and shouted desperately.
Chapter completed!