The term "retirement" is not a concept that was only found in modern times. Modern officials will retire, but the ancients will also retire. However, the retired people in ancient times mainly refer to officials with formal staff in ancient times. There are many sayings about the term "retirement", "begging for bones", "receiving return", "receiving affairs", "receiving politics", "receiving support", and "requesting for old age" are all only one thing.

"The Book of Rites: Qu Li" says: "A doctor is responsible for his work at seventy." In other words, ancient officials were actually very miserable. Without the protection of labor laws, they had to retire at the age of seventy. The average life expectancy of the ancients was very short, and they could live to seventy years old. Therefore, such institutional regulations are actually equivalent to allowing ancient officials to work in their positions for the rest of their lives and devote their lives to the country.

Although it seems unreasonable to modern people, the "Seventy-sixty-sixty-something" as one of the etiquette and laws has been passed down and has been followed by various dynasties. Thinking about the opposition trend that caused the delay in retirement in the previous life and was unable to lie down and receive pensions, Zhao Bing felt ashamed. In ancient times, many officials even received pensions, so what did they say!

But the system regulations are one thing, and practice is another. In ancient times, there were a large number of officials who failed to retire on time even when they were seventy years old. Some officials over seventy were clear and looked less aged, and there was still a possibility that they would be kept. If they unfortunately had a baby face, they might really die at work.

Another type of people are late-stage people who only start to make a fortune after they are over 70 years old, and naturally they cannot retire on time when they are valued. At present, Dayuan also likes to use over-age personnel, but most of them are technical officials such as medical skills, yin and yang divination, and craft manufacturing to retire, which saves even the money for rehiring. For these officials, they should be honored to be valued by the emperor, but the taste of losing freedom is really helpless.

However, for most ordinary officials, the probability of voluntarily applying for early retirement is very high. In the Song Dynasty, the emperor would reward those who retired early to solve the problem of redundant officials. At the same time, early retirement is equivalent to giving up talents and leaving a seat for younger talents.

Of course, the retirement system of the ancients was also flexible, and not everyone had to stay white-haired before leaving the officialdom. They also had a way to say goodbye to the officialdom - retire early, that is, apply for retirement in advance. There are many reasons why officials applied for early retirement, including those who lacked their own abilities and were conscious of their qualities to withdraw early; some were also those who disliked the officialdom and were forced to retire after failing in the struggle for interests; some were those who had to go home to serve their parents, or were really unable to do it if they had illnesses.

However, in ancient times, most officials would return to their hometown after retirement. "The tree is a thousand feet tall, and the leaves fall back to their roots." Returning to their hometown is the traditional Chinese consciousness. The reason why some officials did not choose to stay in the capital after retirement is because "Chang'an is big and it is not easy to live in". Some officials were able to get full salary after retirement, while some officials could only get half a salary, or even lower, making it difficult to maintain their life in big cities.

But whether it is a normal retirement system or a self-retired retirement, the moment the official walked out of the yamen, he was in a very melancholy mood. However, Zhao Bing thought that the old ministers who had been with him who had been fighting for many years would leave the court one by one, because many people might become farewell forever after returning home.

Even though he was sad, Zhao Bing felt that it was inhumane to let people retire at the age of 70. He thought it was very inappropriate to go to the palace when he saw Yingjieyan, so he specially gave him a seat. But think about it, many of the ministers who fought with him and entered the world. In the future, there were a group of old men with crutches, hunched back and gray hair going to the palace. Do you have to prepare a row of chairs?

Zhao Bing had many unscrupulous choices when he asked the old minister to remain in office. After all, he started his career in Qiongzhou, and there was no need for so many officials to manage it in a small area. Although he stayed at the position of many officials and several times to recruit officials in the future, it was impossible to have too many staff and finances. The future situation was beyond expectations. After the recovery of Jiangnan, he seized the two Huai Rivers in just a few years, and now it occupied most of the Central Plains.

The expansion of territory naturally requires a large number of officials to manage, and the difference is more than a thousand. Zhao Bing, the old minister who is aware of the bottom line, is more trustworthy, especially the backbone such as Zheng Huchen. Those new officials lack experience in government management and also need time to cultivate, so they selectively forget the age of the old ministers. And it is time to solve it properly now. He really can't bear to watch these old ministers who have worked hard for half their lives, but they are exhausted in office at the moment of victory...

"Your Majesty, I have something to report to you." After chatting for a few more words, Zheng Huchen said, "Tama, the Odog native, once worked in the Odog Bureau in Quanzhou, had dealt with the Affairs Bureau, and then transferred to the Odog Bureau in Zhuozhou. I learned that my subordinates were here and came to meet him!"

"Oh, if it's a trivial matter, you can handle it yourself, don't report it!" Zhao Bing said.

They are not unfamiliar with the Otuo people. They are actually Semu merchants. Because they established relationships with Mongolian nobles in the early days, they were originally private merchants. However, under the establishment of a controlled agency and formulated policies to protect them, this special group of merchants, private merchants, and both "official and businessmen" and used "public power" to make private profits.

The political privileges made the Otu people fearless and used their power as a backing for business. When they were in Qiongzhou, because the Mongolian and Yuan court imposed an economic blockade on Qiongzhou, in order to solve the problem of material shortage, the Affairs Bureau was ordered to contact them and purchase embargoed materials through them. Later, they cooperated with them to smuggle salt and obtain funds.

Therefore, it was not surprising that Zheng Huchen and the Otu people were familiar with each other, and Zhao Bing was not surprised that these Otu people were indeed capable of transporting contraband into Qiongzhou, but also persuaded the then Zhennan King Tuohuan to secretly unblocked the sea ban, so that the private salt produced in Qiongzhou could be unobstructed in Jiangnan. These people would also provide them with information for money and selfish interests. At that time, the two sides were considered a "friendly" alliance.

However, as the Song Dynasty entered Jiangnan, it cracked down on the illegal Otu merchants, and they also withdrew from the Jiangnan market, but they still maintained contact with the Affairs Bureau and made profits by smuggling tea and spices. The Song Dynasty also obtained a lot of good horses, leather, felt and other military supplies through them.

This time, some Otu people failed to escape in time or stayed to watch. However, they were also hit and exempted from lamb loans issued to the people, deprived of their franchise privileges, and some of the sinful people were confiscated and even executed. However, some of them had done things that benefited the Song Dynasty, and Zhao Bing would also give up his wits and let them go.

"Your Majesty, these people are asking for so much, and my subordinates dare not make decisions!" Zheng Huchen waved his hand and said.

"Oh, can this matter involve a secret matter?" Zhao Bing saw Zheng Huchen hinting that Liu Yin avoided it, but he was drinking tea without any intention of moving his butt. Maybe he thought that Zheng Huchen was just a small pavilion rack managing book archives, holding chicken feathers as arrows to drive him away, and he had a stubborn temper, so he could only ask first. If it was a private matter, he would naturally not let him stay here.

"But it's not a secret matter!" Zheng Huchen could only smile bitterly when he saw this, "Tama wants to imitate the Mongolian Yuan example and manage his financial affairs for His Majesty."

"Your Majesty, you must not agree. These Otu merchants are all those who harm the country and the people. Cooperating with them is tantamount to seeking a sword with a tiger!" Before Zhao Bing could do anything, Liu Yin was anxious and took the lead.

"Oh, why is this?" Zhao Bing turned his face and looked at him curiously. He thought why this guy had changed his sex life and had to think about him!

"Your Majesty, the merchants of Otuo mainly rely on lending money to the powerful people in the Yuan Dynasty to make profits. The interest rate on loans is high, and the profit is calculated. They are called the lamb's interest, which has caused countless people to go bankrupt and have to sell themselves as slaves, resulting in the destruction of their families." Liu Yin said, "At that time, when Zhending Road encountered a locust plague, the people were forced to borrow the usury money from Otuo to pay tribute, and the principal and profit silver reached more than 13,000 ingots. The people were unable to repay it, so the historian sold his property and called on the rich to donate to pay off the debt!"

"The huge profits obtained by the operation of the Otu merchants were divided by the Mongolian Yuan and the Otu merchants, but they did not enter the treasury, but they only enriched their own pockets, resulting in the loss of national wealth." Liu Yin also said, "In addition, the Otu merchants also bought rare jewelry for the royal nobles to make profits. The royal nobles overdrawed the precious jewelry purchased by the Otu merchants and were unable to pay, so they attracted payments from the market goods or salt. Therefore, the Otu merchants enjoyed the harvest of maritime trade or official salt, which made the national taxes lost and the people even more difficult!"

"Well, there is some truth!" Zhao Bing nodded in agreement. He actually knew that the rise and fall of the Otu business as a special behavior has an important relationship with the emperor, queen, queen and other royal members. The status of the royal members directly determines the fate of the Otu businessmen and determines the success or failure of the Otu businessmen. This special group of businessmen has private businessmen and "official businessmen" and uses "public power" to make personal profits. This kind of cooperation is often a huge disaster.

"These are just the second. The Otu merchants are buying and paying taxes will cause endless harm. The treacherous Ahema is from the Otu people, and his financial management method is to allow taxes from all over the country." Perhaps it was Zhao Bing's recognition that Liu Yin felt it was necessary to remind him again, so as to avoid being taken advantage of by the Otu people and having a tea ceremony.
Chapter completed!