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Chapter 644

As a "experienced person", Zhao Bing certainly knew that in Chinese history, salt had an extremely important influence on the entire society, and the role of salt banknotes was a reflection of the influence of salt on social influence. When salt banknotes broke through its original function, it played a huge positive role in the development of social credit business and the finance of the feudal government. However, success or failure of Xiao He also determined the rise and fall of the dynasty to some extent.

After the Song Dynasty, each dynasty formed its own system based on its salt system, but it was nothing more than that merchants needed to spend money to buy salt. In the Ming Dynasty, due to the shortage of grain in the border, the "Kaizhong French-Salt Tokens" was implemented, that is, salt merchants needed to transport grain to the border, and then exchanged the salt from the officials of various border robbers for their salt. In the Qing Dynasty, the salt industry became a private industry, but it was still a means for the court to obtain wealth and make money.

However, Zhao Bing also knew that the issuance of Yan Yin was an extraordinary means to deal with crises at the beginning. When good results were achieved, it promoted them regardless of the consequences. Then the disadvantages appeared and the last outbreak was out of control, just like a parabola, from victory to decline, and heading to the end. The main reason for this is that Yan Yin has the credit function of currency, which can also be said to be a positive aspect, but he also wanted to only be a beast in the cage, and once it was allowed to break through the cage, it would retaliate against itself.

In the Ming Dynasty, merchants were encouraged to transport grain to the border for salt and give salt patents. Also known as Kaizhong. The Kaizhong system followed the Song and Yuan systems, but in the Ming Dynasty, it was more than Kaizhong in the border areas, to attract merchants to transport grain to the border and enrich border military ration reserves. According to the mileage distance, one to five stones of grain can be exchanged for salt and turbulence from the government. After this example, as the situation changes, the price of rice continues to change. Kaizhong and France is roughly divided into three steps: reporting, guarding the branch, and market change.

The report said that salt merchants transported the grain to the designated border area granary as required by the Ming government's investment list and exchanged the salt for the government; after the salt merchants exchanged the salt for salt, they used the salt to transport the salt to the designated salt field to wait for the salt; the city was that salt merchants transported the salt they obtained to the designated area for sale. Because of the huge expense of long-distance transportation of grain, the salt merchants hired laborers from all sides to cultivate fields, produce grain, and entered the warehouse on site to exchange for salt for more profits. The establishment of the Shangtou greatly enriched the border area.

During the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, with the increasing corruption of the ruling class, the royal family, eunuchs, aristocrats, and bureaucrats saw that it was profitable to hold salt turf, and they all filed for salt turf and sold them to salt merchants to make profits from it. This phenomenon became more and more serious and destroyed the Kaizhong system. Xianzong ordered the suspension of the opening-up of China and France on each side, and ordered the salt turf to be paid in the Ministry of Revenue and the transportation department to exchange for salt turf, but it also seriously affected the fiscal revenue of the Ming government. Reforming the Salt Law to make up for the country's fiscal revenue was imperative.

During the Hongzhi period of Emperor Xiaozong, Ye Qi, the Minister of Revenue, changed the old system and implemented the "Gangshen Salt System". The merchants who held salt citations were divided into ten groups according to the region. After paying the money and taxes, they could sell them in the designated areas. However, those who had not entered the citation had no right to operate the salt industry. The merchants used silver instead of rice, handed them to the Yunshu Department, transferred them to Taicang, and then distributed them to each side. Each salt citation was transferred to three or four cents, resulting in more than one million silver in Taicang, and the country's fiscal revenue increased sharply.

At that time, the salt tax revenue reached 9 million taels of silver, which was not considered the transaction volume of private salt. You should know that the average annual total tax revenue of the Ming Dynasty was only 10 million taels, and the important role of salt in attracting "one profit" can be seen. However, the implementation of the new law also led to the relocation of salt merchants in the border areas and the rapid destruction of the Shangtou, and the grain reserves of border troops were greatly reduced. Muzong had to re-plan the implementation of military farming in the border areas, but the system was corrupt for a long time and it was difficult to achieve practical results.

By the Qing Dynasty, the status of salt induction became more important. There were not many salt merchants across the country, but the Ministry of Revenue used a large amount of salt induction to supplement the treasury. By the Kangxi period, salt induction had become a disaster. After Yongzheng ascended the throne, he strictly prohibited the Ministry of Revenue from over-issuing salt induction, and carried out a number of major reforms. After Qianlong ascended the throne, the salt induction system also reversed the decline and a large number of salt merchants who were rich in the world had long been. In Yangzhou alone, the capital of the salt induction merchants in Huizhou was equivalent to more than half of the national treasury inventories at that time.

A large number of salt merchants donated disaster relief, which made the domestic victims repeatedly appeased, helped Qianlong through the difficulties, and also made his prosperous era. Unfortunately, the good times did not last long. Only 30 years later, the officials in the Salt Administration secretly issued salt induced secrets, embezzled huge amounts of silver induced secrets, triggering the "Lianghuai Salt induced cases", which led to the decline of the salt induced secret system.

During the Daoguang period, the Qing government reformed the "Salt Law" in order to eliminate the huge profits of the "inducing merchants" in the salt industry, and changed the salt system to the ban salt system. The bankers and large merchants who held the salt company were given heavy taxes and the prices were followed, thus breaking the monopoly and franchise of the salt industry. The advantage of the ban salt system was not to abolish the monopoly of salt and stimulus merchants on the ban salt, but to cancel the boundary of the salt industry. The obvious effect was to suppress the salt price. The large salt merchants, as the banker, collapsed one after another. With the successful reform of the ban salt, the Qing government oversold a large amount of salt in Huaibei and obtained huge tax revenue.

If the signs of this market economy can be implemented, it is a good thing for both officials and the people to benefit both the officials and the people, but when the building is about to fall, foreign enemies invade and revolt constantly, which caused Zeng Guofan to re-change the salt system. Although his idea of ​​"incorporating the rules of the bill and the bill" advocates that the bill merchants should be entrusted without restrictions, he actually deprived small and medium-sized merchants of the right to transport salt with the rule of 500. In addition, he also made specific regulations on the price of salt, which was not allowed to exceed the specified range, which changed the method of freely selling bills in the sales area and competing for price reduction, destroying the spirit of the bill and salt system, and moving towards a historical regression...

"Your Majesty, rest!"

"Oh, wait a little longer!" Zhao Bing felt that he was holding not only the salt in his hand that could bring him wealth, but also the time bomb that would explode at some time. Therefore, he was in a heavy mood. At this moment, Su Lan also washed up and changed her dress and walked over to urge him to go to bed. He looked up and said in a daze.

"Yeah!" Su Lan nodded obediently, took off the lampshade and cut off the excess wick, and replaced the cup of hot water for His Majesty.

"Sister Su, please take a break!" Su Lan was already pretty, and now she washed away the dew. She felt more pure and refined under her face. She turned around like a butterfly, making Zhao Bing unable to concentrate for a while. He pointed to the soft couch and let him sit down.

"Yeah!" Su Lan sat down with a regular embroidery slogan after hearing this.

"Su Xin is lazy again. I saw you busy around alone, so she would hide from her leisure!" Zhao Bing put down the salt in her hand and said.

"Are the officials dissatisfied with Su Xin?" Su Lan did not answer, but asked back.

"Yes, she likes to be sloppy in her work, and she lacks orderliness in her work, and is also frivolous. She has been in the palace for more than half a year, but after several training, she still has not improved. I see that she has no more!" Zhao Bing said with a sigh.

"Are the officials planning to punish her from the palace?" Su Lan said with a gloomy expression after hearing this.

"Well, she is no longer old, so she will be released from the palace after the New Year!" Zhao Bing nodded and said.

"Official family, I want to ask you for something?" Su Lan hesitated for a while before saying.

"What's the matter? You're not asking me to leave her in the palace!" Zhao Bing frowned and said.

"Yes." Su Lan said with her head down.

"It is difficult to change one's nature, and Su Xin's personality is difficult to change. Maybe it will cause trouble. It would be better to leave the palace while it is not old and still find a good marriage. Wouldn't it be better than staying in the palace!" Zhao Bing said to Su Lan.

"The official family, Su Xin's parents died, and no one can surrender in Qiongzhou. How can she survive after leaving the palace alone? Please ask the official family to be kind and not to expel him from the palace!" Su Lan stood up and bowed deeply.

"No gift!" Zhao Bing raised his hand and said, "It's not that I'm ruthless, but that the palace is not as good as outside. It seems calm here, but it's actually undercurrents. Doing something wrong or even saying something wrong will make you lose your life. I'm asking her to leave the palace for her good!"

"The official family is kind by nature. Although there are some shortcomings, they are not evil people. I will teach her well in the future and will never cause trouble for the official family!" Su Lan still refused to give up and continued to plead for her.

"It's too late now. He has caused trouble. If he keeps her in the palace, things will probably be difficult to deal with!" Zhao Bing sighed and waved his hand.

"The official family refers to the matter of Commander Ni buying hairpins for Su Xin today?" As soon as the young emperor finished speaking, Su Lan asked immediately.

"Since you already know, why ask again? I don't want to destroy a general for the sake of men and women!" Zhao Bing said in a deep voice. He didn't expect Su Lan to be so sensitive, and he could see the reason from his few jokes.

"Since the official knows this, why can't the two of them be satisfied?" Su Lan asked anxiously.

"Rareless, are you supposed to ask about this?" Zhao Bing slapped his face and said sternly.

"Official family, I know that this matter should not be asked, but please help them!" Su Lan knelt on the ground when she saw this, but still said with her little face straight.

"You...you, get up!" Zhao Bing stared at Su Lan who was kneeling on the ground, but for a while he could not give in. He didn't expect that the little girl would wave her hands so stubbornly and helplessly.

“…”

"I can't point Su Xin to Ni Liang, but you must know that Ni Liang is silent by nature, not good at speaking, and is loyal and stubborn. However, Su Xin is lively by nature, likes movement but not quiet, and... they are not good matches anyway. My life was exchanged for the lives of hundreds of Ni children including Ni Zhuangyuan, so I can't let them down!" Zhao Bing explained helplessly when he saw that Su Lan still refused to stand up and did not speak.

"The so-called good match in the official family means that the man and the woman are good, and the eight characters are in harmony! But I think that as long as the husband and wife are in love with each other, why should I care about the height of the family and the appearance? Although Su Xin's family is in a bad situation and has some minor problems, she also knows the words and is well-educated." Su Lan stood up and said, "And the official family didn't ask if they were interested, so she broke up the couple and drove Su Xin out of the palace. Isn't it too arbitrary!"

"This..." Zhao Bing was speechless by Su Lan's "Gao Lun" saying. He thought that he was from the modern society eight hundred years later. He advocated free love and marriage independence, but was taught a lesson by a young woman who lived in a feudal society and made a marriage based on the orders of her parents and the mediators. She felt quite uncomfortable.

"Official family, I have spoken irresponsible, please punish me!" Su Lan saw the little emperor's face blushing and whiter for a while. She just thought she was angry by her words and quickly apologized.

"What you said is reasonable. I'm wrong. Get up!" Zhao Bing lost his temper this time and raised his hand and said dejectedly, "It's best to be suitable. I promise you to make a decision after asking them!"

"Thank you!" Su Lang stood up and gave a blessing.

"I should thank you, but you are very brave and you are even talking back to me. Are you not afraid of bombing you out of the palace?" Zhao Bing said with a wry smile.

"The official family is a wise king. How could he drive me out of the palace for these trivial matters!" Su Lan said with a smile.

"Oh, you can only know me and I. I can't tell others about this. Otherwise, they will be really a match in the future and they will not be able to scold me for the rest of their lives!" Zhao Bing sighed and reminded.

"I have recorded it and will never mention this to the second person, and it will rot into my stomach from now on!" Su Lan pointed to the sky and said...

With such an episode, Zhao Bing was quite embarrassed and urinated and climbed onto the bed to sleep. But Su Lan's words made it difficult for him to fall asleep for a long time. Has his thoughts been assimilated in this era? When he became an emperor, he was timid and did not dare to act freely. He didn't even have the courage to try it? Alas, was his head also determined by his butt?

"It's good to be suitable!" As he tossed and turned, Su Lan's words suddenly appeared in Zhao Bing's mind. When he found that salt rays began to be circulated in the market, his first reaction was that this thing would not let him follow the old path of history, and one day it would become a disaster and endanger the country. However, he did not expect the positive significance of it. It solved the financial difficulties of the country and supported the huge military expenses consumed in the war.

The current salt administration implemented in Qiongzhou is based on the continuous increase in production capacity, and the issuance of salt quotas is controlled within production capacity, and there is no over-issuance. As for the frequent red tickets, due to the limited population of Qiongzhou, everyone needs to consume it, that is, the red tickets with surplus flow into the market, because the huge salt output will not impact the market. This kind of transaction is not completely beneficial to ordinary people in Qiongzhou. You should know that only one stone of grain is sold in Qiongzhou, and the income of 500 cents of red tickets after the price increase of ten kilograms of red tickets is equivalent to giving subsidies to the people in disguise, which also invisibly increases purchasing power.
Chapter completed!
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