Eight hundred and forty-four chapters Cao Guojiu(1/2)
Some people fall and some support to Sima Guang and Wang Anshi. To be fair, they are both very good at taking good care of themselves, but they all do something wrong. To be serious, they are the sinners who are in decline in the Song Dynasty, far better than Han Qi and Ouyang Xiu in normal times.
But Zheng Lang is still very grateful to this student.
Wang Anshi's reform allowed him to absorb many beneficial aspects, such as the warehouse method, the farmland water conservancy method, and the 28-part system of pit mines. However, Zheng Lang turned it into the 37-part system, which benefited the court more. The exemption method and the Baojia method were also improved from the historical exemption method and the Baojia method.
The first reform was to change the system, which had nothing to do with Wang Anshi's reform, and even more so with the new commercial tax law. However, the layoffs of officials also borrowed some measures from Wang Anshi and Song Xiaozong.
The second reform changed the military system, and the regiment system and the selection system also had nothing to do with Wang Anshi, and some of the layoffs were also used to draw on some references.
Most of the following third reforms have nothing to do with Wang Anshi, and they still supervised the Fangchanghe River Money System.
After Wang Anshi finished reading it, he looked at the equal-to-date method and the market-to-market method again.
Since the emergence of the equal-transfer method, the reform began to be opposed by everyone, but the non-equal-transfer method that Wang Anshi opposed was the Qingmiao method, the second was the market-exchange method, the third was the exemption from service, and the fourth was the Baojia method. Because the supply of the Shipping Department does have some shortcomings, the Shipping Department has little authority, and cannot understand the storage of the warehouses in the capital and the demand for various materials at the first time, and has no power to supply goods on all routes, resulting in disconnection of supply and demand, resulting in serious waste.
The equal transportation method is to address this current drawback. It strengthens the authority of the shipping department, so that the shipping department will take charge of the financial responsibilities of the six southeastern routes (Lianjing, Liangjiang, Huainan and Liangzhe), and also manages the tax on tea, salt, wine and alum, concentrates the rights and manages them, and can fully understand the production of the six routes and the needs of the capital, and can automatically purchase some materials from the people. One can meet the supply needs of the capital, and the other can make money for the court.
It mainly consists of food, as well as the daily necessities of some people, not all commodities. Therefore, the capital allocated by the court from the inner treasury was five million scoops and three million slates of rice.
It infringes on the interests of some businessmen, but is not serious.
Moreover, it is not an innovation, but a continuation of the buying and discounting system of the ancestors.
Therefore, there are many opposition voices when the initial execution are performed, but the opposition voice becomes smaller and smaller after it can be executed.
It was not possible in the Renzong Dynasty, and the crisis was not that severe, and there was no room for support. You can consider it at this time.
What Zheng Lang is worried about is the latter method, the market change method!
In fact, it was also implemented, but it was implemented in Weizhou. At that time, he solemnly stated with Zhao Zhen that it could only be implemented under special circumstances in Weizhou, and even Weizhou could not be implemented for a long time. Otherwise, it would have bad consequences.
What is the market law? There are many measures in history when it was implemented. To put it simply, it is a super comprador company established by the state. How much capital is there in history? The investment in the front and back reaches more than 12 million yuan, the total national income of the Tang Dynasty in half a year, the total national income of the Khitan in more than two years, and the total national income of the Xixia in many years. As capital, it involves various commodity fields, and the country will monopolize once the country intervenes. Perhaps people on earth know that once monopolizes, it means huge profits, but have they made money?
After earning, I earned nine million yuan in interest over fifteen years, lost seven or eight million yuan, and actually earned one and two million yuan. It is less than 100,000 yuan a year. It is as large as that of a powerful man. I don’t know how many officials I have offended, and how many officials I have used, my annual income is not as good as my Fanlou’s income!
Wang Anshi passed the memorial and asked: "Duke Zheng, is it wrong?"
Zheng Lang said: "No hurry, I will talk about the Regulations Department first. The ancestors' legal system, the government and military and wealth are divided to avoid the emergence of power and ministers. However, there are many inconveniences in the division of power and governance, so as to divide and govern. Fu Bi once asked the two governments to join forces during the Qingli War. If there were wise monarchs and prime ministers, such as Renzong, prime ministers were Lu Yijian and Pang Ji, and the prime ministers were concentrated, the government orders would be more smooth. But what if it were the later years of Emperor Minghuang of Tang and Li Linfu and others?"
This is very important.
Wang Anshi once further concentrated the power of the prime minister on the basis of Han Qi. It was easier to reform. Sima Guang came to power. It was easier to abolish the law. Then he came in batches, and then changed it again and again. Until Cai Jing, everything was over, and they fled to the West Lake and turned Hangzhou into Bianzhou.
A hint of alert also flashed in Zhao Xu's eyes.
What he and Gao Taotao admire most about Zheng Lang is not only his financial management skills, but also his lack of greed for power and proactively decentralizes power. Part of the imperial power can be given, but the prime minister's power must also be given, otherwise the royal status will be very dangerous.
Zheng Lang also said: "Our system is different from that of the Tang Dynasty. After the founding of the country for a long time, it has become its own system. Jiefu, you have good intentions. Let the two governments take charge of financial power to facilitate the mobilization as soon as possible. But because of this leverage, it will lead to the collapse of a series of systems. Let the two governments first, you propose to let the east and west governments participate. The western government only has military power, has nothing to do with civil rights, and has nothing to do with financial power. There is no meaning in the Xifu's intervention. The financial power will definitely be gathered in the East Palace. There are only a few ministers in the East Palace, and the prime minister can only participate one by one. According to the system, it can only be joined to the Sinong Temple. The Sinong Temple and the Sansi are in line with the Sansi. The result is useless, because behind the East Palace is the East Palace, and the Sansi will sooner or later lose its meaning of existence. Since it has no effect, the country cannot leave a huge organization that is swollen and will be laid off sooner or later. Once the Three Governments are laid off, the East Palace will have many inconveniences, and the court can only restore the Tang Dynasty's three provinces and six ministries system and restore the power of the Ministry of Revenue."
Zeng Gongliang and others said that this is not a hypothesis, but a careful reasoning, it is inevitable.
"The functions of the Ministry of Revenue in the Tang Dynasty were not problematic. Many disadvantages would arise in our dynasty, such as the internal treasury mechanism that existed since the beginning of the country, as well as a series of money and goods systems of the imperial court, the money and goods in front of the imperial bureau, and the money and goods obtained by the various bureaus, and they all did not follow each other. The existence of the three departments originally formed some constraints and waste, and slow political affairs processing capabilities. However, because of the existence of the three departments, the ** organization, can the four parties take into account. In the Ministry of Revenue, can our treasury have the power to be empty? The Ministry of Revenue cannot control it, and the profits and powers are all in control, and the use of money will be uncontrollable. Could another system reorganization and completely restore the mechanism of the Tang Dynasty, including the internal treasury, have you allowed the internal treasury to be revoked? Your Majesty, do you let the internal treasury be revoked?"
"Haha!" Zhao Xu didn't know how to answer, so he could only laugh dryly.
This problem is a serious problem that almost most historians ignore. The facts do exist, and other reforms may be good or bad. However, in this regulation, Wang Anshi's reform brought about a series of vicious cycles.
"In fact, the reform of the previous year, strengthening the responsibilities of each department and department is to focus on redundant government affairs, improve the efficiency of handling government affairs, and make government orders smooth. Further improve the family laws of the ancestors. The three departments have some disadvantages, and the regulations also have their beneficial side, but they cannot involve the two governments. The three departments must maintain the ** financial management mechanism of the three departments. If you are reluctant to do so, you can put the three departments (control the accounts of the three departments of Jingu 100 items), the three departments (control the accounts of the three departments of Jingu 100 items), and the three departments (control the entrance and exit of the three departments), and the three departments shall be in charge of the expenditure and revenue department (control the entrance and exit of the three departments).
The branch has not removed the official property, and the official property is reported to the department), the department is detained (the money and profits have not been settled, and the official property is supervised by the name of the department), the department is opened and demolished (the official property of the department is not false), the department is issued (the government issued by the states to release the official property of the county to urge the officials to urge the officials to rush to rush to rush to rush to rush to rush to rush to rush to rush to slaughter), the department is issued (the account book of the three departments of the department), the department is urged to urge the officials, the department of the office, the department of the yamen, and the three departments to investigate, and the departments are organized into one department. It is integrated again to eliminate the internal unreliable government and financial uncertainty of the three departments. However, it can only be carried out within the three departments."
Wu Chong said: "This is a feasible solution."
It is also impossible to completely deny all Wang Anshi's proposals. There are too many departments in the three departments. In addition to the three departments above, there are three departments. Each department has many officials, and more than a dozen departments that restrict supervision. Even though Zheng Lang further clarifies the responsibilities of each department, it still makes people dizzy.
This is the result of the further constraints and overlapping of the Song Dynasty. After the establishment of the Three Divisions, many departments were successively stuffed into the department from Emperor Taizong of Song to Emperor Renzong. In fact, many departments have overlapping powers.
Zheng Lang's reform still allowed the Song Dynasty institutions to decentralize power, but while dividing, it was clear that the concentration was carried out to minimize the redundant government and redundant officials.
However, if these dozen departments are included in one department, major surgery will be required.
Zhao Xu thought for a while and said, "Accurate, Wang Qing, come up with a plan."
At least it was better than relegating the financial power to the Secretariat again, but it was still handed over to Wang Anshi for handling.
"Here," Wang Anshi replied, asking Zheng Lang again: "Duke Zheng. What else?"
"If it is a common export. There are not many commodities that are moved, you can negotiate. If it is a market, it will never be possible."
“Why?”
"How much will the implementation of the new commercial tax increase? How much will the tea table be?" Zheng Lang asked two questions without answering.
Zhao Xu was a little confused. He looked at Zheng Lang. Zheng Lang took a pen, ink, paper and inkstone, wrote a line of words, and handed it to Zhao Xu. Zhao Xu looked at Zheng Lang in confusion, got up first, and ran to the harem. Wang Anshi was pondering, and Zheng Lang might not be ineffective.
It was just that as a conscientious scholar-official, he was anxious when he saw the country's embarrassment, so he threw out the idea of "regulation" to the same method of equal-to-transfer and market law."
I just thought about it for a while and then I understood.
After Zheng Lang improved the exemption law, it created the rise of some small and medium-sized businessmen, and there were other good politics. The situation was only three or four years old. The damage was mainly caused by the national finance. The private finance was not bad. Then the court issued an edict to admit the previous arrears. There was another key in the middle, that is, banks, with the low-interest lending function of banks, further creating business prosperity. In fact, there was no new business tax law. If the officials and governments were clear and the government was smooth, it would not be difficult to collect 17 million yuan. That is, the new business tax law only bites about two million yuan from the hands of the big and powerful people. If the steel supervision developed, it would not even be as valuable as the steel supervision market value. In order to appease these people, half of the steel supervision deeds were not taken away and given up. Moreover, there were the previous few supervisions, which brought about how much profits these powerful people would bring to these powerful people.
It was these two million and hundreds of thousands of shreds that were met with strong opposition.
But reform will inevitably bring harm to some people, and it is impossible to take into account the interests of everyone. Even when implementing it, in order to suppress opposition voices, a large number of violent measures must be used, just like Sima Guang went on, and some violent measures were used. Zheng Lang believed that it was far from enough, which led to more profit-making actions in the second half of this year in order to consolidate the results of the previous year's inspection of hidden fields.
Therefore, with the next sentence, the tea geometry!
How much tea is consumed in the Song Dynasty for 100 million people? And the Song people also like to drink tea, and the amount of this tea is immeasurable. Moreover, it is exported in large quantities, and the surrounding countries will go to Europe! If the franchise is all assigned to the court, it may be a bit difficult to say 40 million and 50 million, and 20 to 30 million are still available. In fact, it will only be hundreds of thousands of yuan a year. If the expenses and miscellaneous expenses of various officials are deducted, the country will operate at a loss!
This is a relatively simple way of business. The government sends minor officials to transport tea households and then transport them to sales points to wholesale to tea merchants. It's OK. If the court comes to a comprador company, it is real business. Is it easy to do business?
There may not be a few officials who truly understand business, but they can put money in their pockets. At that time, the court may not make a profit. On the contrary, many people will go bankrupt under the oppression of the imperial court, a behemoth, and use their losses on waste and corrupt officials. The world will be raging, and the court may not make a profit.
In fact, the most failed among Wang Anshi's various reforms were the Market Change Law and the Horse Protection Law.
Not to mention the commodity free economy that goes against the advanced commodity. From the standpoint of the country, the commodity free economy will not benefit much. But is it worth it to make only 100,000 yuan a year with such a large cost? That is, those bankrupt small and medium-sized merchants pay at least hundreds of thousands of yuan a year in a commercial tax. And once it is implemented, what will the powerful think? Thinking of this festival, how can Zheng Lang's face not turn pale?
Not only Zheng Lang, unless it is the official of the Development and Reform Commission, unless it is some officials who are left to their descendants, as long as officials with conscience are nervous when they think of this festival.
Zheng Lang’s new commercial tax laws are completely different.
Its controversy is not small, but if you want to make profits, you order the officials below to tighten them, and the benefits will be effective immediately. The court did not use any cost. Secondly, it effectively protected some small and medium-sized businessmen, reducing their chances of being blackmailed by cruel officials, simplifying government orders can even reduce the existence of some unnecessary commercial offices in various prefectures and counties, and also reducing the number of minor officials.
Slowly, other ministers also understood.
Lu Gongzhu said, "Jiefu, think twice."
Wang Anshi also had some sweat on his face and asked in a stuttering manner: "Is it wrong?"
"It's not wrong. For example, although the three departments are reorganized, they are still redundant. The Regulations Department is set up in the Regulations Department to simplify it. It is a good clause. There is also a method of equal transportation. There is no power to the Regulations Department, which is responsible for supervising the three departments. The rights are delegated to the Regulations Department, mainly food and other people's livelihood supplies as supplements. There will be disputes. However, people regard food as the most important thing. If silk is expensive, you can buy cotton cloth, and if cotton cloth is expensive, you can buy hemp kudzu. But no one can avoid food for a day. The opposition will gradually calm down. In the end, you can accumulate less wealth for the country, mainly to save more redundant expenses. It is very considerable when you go in and out."
Tang Jie wanted to speak.
Zheng Lang waved his hand and said, "Zi Fang, the deputy minister of the Central Secretary, is not the Chief Censor."
Don't quarrel all day long, do something practical.
All the younger ministers lowered their heads and snickered.
Tang Jie originally made Wang Anshi's words at the court meeting so angry that his heart muscle ridges were blocked, and Zheng Lang was so angry that he had angered the next day and died soon after. It had nothing to do with Zheng Lang, mainly because Wang Anshi counted his anger clearly.
Zheng Lang also said: "Although I have thought about this equal loss method before, I am afraid of controversy. Moreover, during the Qingli period, the national disadvantages were not so serious, so I didn't think about it carefully. Everyone, how to implement it is beneficial to the country and avoid unnecessary controversy. You can contribute your advice."
Zhao Xu also came back and looked at Zheng Lang with confusion. Zheng Lang wrote a few more words and handed over.
Zhao Xu was not very interested in the Regulations and the Law on the Equity of the Law on the Transfer of the People's Republic of China. As for the interests of the powerful merchants, what did it have to do with him? What he wanted was the country's wealth and strength, not the wealth of Zhang, Li, Zhao and Liu's family that could rival the country.
So Zheng Lang handed a small note and asked Zhao Xu to go back to the inner palace to ask the wife, queen, and queen, and to explain the rules of the equal-to-dollar law and the market law to see how they react.
Zhao Xu did not react for a moment, so he ran to the inner palace excitedly and gave an optimistic explanation. Think about how much commercial surplus there is in the country in a year. Zheng Lang said that if the commercial tax is well rated, it can be levied 70 to 80 million yuan, so that at least 100 million yuan can be made. As long as one half of it is collected, the national use will be enriched immediately.
Before he finished speaking, the three women started to shout. Xiang had no right to speak yet, so Empress Dowager Cao could only persuade him. Gao Taotao showed no mercy and scolded him. He asked about the bad idea that the bastard minister gave.
It was difficult to explain clearly for a while, and Zhao Xu was scolded and ran back in shame.
Zheng Lang wrote two names on the second note. The first name is Xiang Jing, the father of Queen Xiang, and the second name is Cao Qi, one of the famous Eight Immortals, Cao Guoji! (It is not a false praise, but a historical fact)
As a foreign relative, Zhao Xu still didn't understand it. After thinking about it, he called an old eunuch beside him to ask. The old eunuch stood there until now, of course he also guessed five or six points and whispered: "Both father-in-law have business."
Zhao Xu's face turned gray.
Cao Gaoxiang all had business in the three companies, so when Zheng Lang implemented the market law, he deliberately used the share contract to make concessions to the three companies.
During this process, it was impossible for Zheng Lang to go to the inner palace to meet Gao Taotao face to face. They all lent Zhao Xu to the lecturer to Gao Taotao behind the screen. Zhao Xu knew very well. But if Zheng Lang mentioned it, he would know how big the eunuchs were around him. It is conceivable how big the business of these two families was.
In other words, if these top businessmen and wealthy families are the country's worms, father-in-law and Cao Guojiu are the two fattest ones.
Zheng Lang smiled again and said, "Your Majesty, there are still all the workers. Since this is the decision, everyone will disperse. How to make a decision? If there is a good plan, please submit it."
The Secretariat still has a lot of things to be busy with.
Zhao Xu looked up at Zheng Lang again, what resolution? He left just now, and he was not sure. Zheng Lang said: "Your Majesty, please come down and report to Your Majesty."
Wang Anshi stayed to explain.
Zheng Lang felt relieved. He didn't blame Wang Anshi, he was anxious to think about the country's good. But what he feared most was that Wang Anshi was stubborn, and even himself might not be able to persuade him. Fortunately, the result was not too pessimistic. Fortunately, the decision he made when he was a teenager was so wise, otherwise, Wang Anshi and Sima Guang in the court would be enough to drink a pot.
The capital began to have some controversy over the equalization method.
This problem is not serious. In fact, although the opposition to the equal-winning law in history is loud, there are also many people who support it, including the conservative Xiao Susuche and the conservative Da Chenghao. By the Qingmiao Law, the reform party was further diverted, and then to the market law, the reform party was left with very few people, leaving only a few lonely people. Moreover, due to the drought in the north, grain prices rose a little this year, which also gave a good opportunity to pass the equal-winning law. At this moment, bad news came from the northwest again.
Zheng Lang's "gouhe" won the approval of most scholars and officials.
Harmony is the most important thing.
To be continued...