If the clans are regarded as small kingdoms, then these small kingdoms, like the Ming Dynasty, have two binding norms: "law" and "example".

Among them, "Law" mainly comes from three books:

First of all, Yan Zhipin of the Northern Qi Dynasty, "The Family Instructions of Yan Family". This person is the 35th generation grandson of the revival of Yan Hui, and has little impact on the era he lives in, but this book has a great impact on later generations. It truly promotes the study of family management and is also the guidance manual and judgment standard for later generations "family education".

The second is "Family Fan" written by Sima Guang. This book is widely circulated in the family of officials and has a far-reaching influence. Zhao Ding, the prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, once asked his descendants to record one, thinking that it is the eternal method.

The final master was Zhu Xi's "Family Rites". Based on Sima Guang's "Family Stylish", he formulated a complete set of family etiquette systems and etiquette norms, which were basically consistent with the life and labor rules of common people's homes and were very detailed, and eventually became the tutoring method of common people's homes.

Even in the Mongolian and Yuan dynasties, these three books were the family norms of the Han people (including Han and Southern people). After the sun and the moon reopened the Great Song and Heaven, Neo-Confucianism became a Chinese study, and almost all the clans in the world used these three books, and at best they only changed their names.

It is precisely because of the extreme similarity of values, worldviews, and outlook on life that stability can be maintained within and between clans, relying on mutual supervision of public opinion, and ultimately forming the universal values ​​of Confucianism.

With the emergence of new problems, some personalized requirements will be added to these family rules, such as requiring descendants to farm and study and pass on their families and not to become officials - this is a complaint that frustrated in the officialdom often writes on family law; some require descendants to be beggars rather than advocate for the superiors - this is a relic of the good and humble system of the Tang and Song dynasties, because beggars are still good people, while advocating superiors is a deceased; some stipulate that descendants are not allowed to marry a certain family - this is a private enemy.

These personalized requirements will not violate the universal values ​​of Confucianism, so overall they still do not fall within the scope of the three major books.

As for the "examples", it is targeted, and it is often a agreement between the one tribe and the other tribe. It is more appropriate to the word "country rules". For example, the two clans agree to the development and utilization of a certain pond, or the cutting of a certain tree is prohibited, and there are also roads to go in and out in the morning and evening, and how to place clothes to work in the fields and not take them wrongly. Farmers who farm and study are different from farmers who do not "only farm but not read". They have to change into brown clothes when they work before going to work, and then change into regular clothes at home when they finish work.

These do seem to be like the local rules of later generations, but what Zhu Cilang wants is the intervention of the government.

"I walked along the way. I also read a lot of village rules and regulations, and only sighed that the land of the capital and auxiliary places was full of education, which was quite refreshing." Zhu Cixuan said: "So I also thought that if these family rules and regulations could be popularized in the world, wouldn't the world be able to be educated in the world?"

If people hear these words in an era where there are television and the Internet, the first reaction of people is to question: Could it be that the family rules elsewhere are ignorant?

However, in this era when many people have never been to the county town in their lives, and with their pride in their clans, everyone present took it for granted that the crown prince made sense, we are the people at the foot of the emperor, and are different from those barbarians thousands of miles away.

After Zhu Cixuan finished complimenting it, he said: "So I think that in the future, various clans will establish family rules and regulations, so that people-friendly officials will also participate. First of all, these people-friendly officials are mostly foreigners, and they don't know the local rules and regulations. After reading these village rules and regulations, they will not force their hometown rules and destroy the customs."

The county magistrate who had experienced the old man present was afraid that he would not have less than twenty tasks. He nodded and agreed with him after hearing this.

"Secondly, let the people-friendly officials choose important items, from one village to one township, and even implement the whole county. This is to choose the good ones and follow them."

Many elderly people grinned, who would not want to be an example? If the whole county uses its own rules, wouldn’t it be unquestionable to show that their family is the most polite!

"Dear fathers, how did the rules of each family be formulated?" Zhu Cixuan seemed to have suddenly realized, and then turned around and asked.

The elderly people made suggestions and talked about how their own rules were established.

It was nothing more than a meeting of relatives. Under the leadership of the clan leader, the chiefs of each house discussed, and the old men with status were elders, and finally decided to write a document together for later generations. Because the ancestors who initially formulated family laws could not be comprehensive, this kind of clan meeting was revised from time to time as the environment changes, clan status changes, and timely corrections.

As for the township rules, they were formulated by friendly negotiations between clans. There would have been officials present, and they would eventually be implemented into inscriptions and passed down to future generations.

Zhu Cixuan had already done this subject and said, "This is similar to national legislation. The cabinet is like the patriarch, the six ministries are like the chief of the house, and Feng Xiantaiyuan is like the old people in the clan. They gather together to reveal their hearts, which is like the court's court's ceremony."

"This is exactly the way for the country to connect with each other and Jaeger-family family to become a country. It is precisely the Ming Dynasty's great sage that governs the country like an ancient sage!" The head of the Bian clan continued Zhu Cilang's words and complimented him. It was his heartfelt words. If it weren't for the crown prince, he would have dragged his braids to meet the ancestors with his bald head and braids.

Zhu Cilang smiled and continued, "But there is still less."

Everyone was irritated by him.

"Emperor." Zhu Cilang stood up and bowed, and sat down again and said, "The court agreed to the court, and the emperor finally decided. However, the township rules and regulations, and the laws and regulations of all ethnic groups have less than this."

Everyone was shocked: Could it be that the clan agreement was signed and sent to the emperor? No matter how diligent the emperor was, he could not stand it?

"The Holy Emperor can't stand it every day. And it's time to waste only manpower." Zhu Cilang turned to Renqiu County: "I think it's up to the prefectures and counties to do this. It was originally the meaning of the herdsmen of the Heavenly Kingdom!"

Renqiu County did not know about it beforehand, so he responded the most sincerely. He was surprised and quickly expressed his opinion: "I am obeying the order!"

Before the patriarchs could react, this matter was decided. According to the general rules of this era, what else can a small civilian say when the matter was decided by the crown prince and the court ordered the officials? For Zhu Cixuan and the court, they were present but did not express their opinions, which was obviously accusation.

"Renqiu County," Zhu Ciyang said, "This method is tried from Renqiu in Hejian. You must set a good example! If Feng Xian finds out that you are harsh on the people, the national law will definitely not forgive you!"

"I dare not try the law with my own eyes!"

"You should keep in mind the teachings of Taizu. Any clan law that does not violate national laws will be discussed by the clan. " Zhu Cixuan seemed to warn the county magistrate Renqiu, but he made a statement: "Secondly, human life is at stake, and the country law is very cautious and cautious. If there are people who arouse public anger, you must intervene with the court in time and inform the national law that you should not wrongly accuse someone of his life."

Renqiu County and all the old men knew the meaning of the prince, but there were few lynchings in the north, so they didn't care. Most of the more severe lynchings were in Fujian and Guangdong, and not only were there orders to commit suicide, but also threw stones and sunk ponds.

"In addition, the expulsion clause should be clearly defined in the clan law. Those who commit expulsion shall not be tolerated." Zhu Cixuan said sternly.

"I understand." Renqiu County really understood.

As a county magistrate, what he hates the most is the lack of manpower under his command. When further tapping out the people's power, he encountered clan obstacles.

The government issued a document to the two-level judicial department, which roughly means that the judges prefer migrant workers who want to come out when making judgments and do not separate them from the clan. Nowadays, herdsmen can directly intervene in the formulation of clan regulations and even have certain review rights, so of course they will not give in to the expulsion clause.

"Also, I heard that in the countryside now, there are many people who put the cart before the horse, and their branches are strong and weak, but there are some?" Zhu Cixuan asked with a smile on his face.

The major and small clans in the patriarchal system are not calculated based on family wealth and status, but are separated by legitimate and illegitimate children. The eldest son is the clan son, the main clan, the clan leader, the clan leader, the concubine son is the small clan, and the clan relative. The main clan leads the small clan, and the small clan leads the group brothers. This is the model formulated by Duke Zhou. After hundreds of generations of any family, there are always virtuous and unworthy. The main clan may decline, while the small clan may rise.

Take the Pavilion Master Jiang Dejing as an example. He was born in the small clan. Even as an assistant to the imperial teacher, he was not qualified to be the leader of the Fuquan Jiang clan.

This phenomenon was already more common in the Ming Dynasty and was also an inevitable symptom of patriarchal society. At that time, the Zhou Dynasty unified the small clan with a large clan and established the Zhou Six Division, formed the Zhou Eight Division, and the Three Yin Eight Divisions, but it still could not escape the tragedy of the princes becoming overwhelmed and eventually the country was destroyed.

Influenced by many literary works after the May Fourth Movement, Zhu Cilang unconsciously unified clan power with secular power, thinking that the clan leader had great power and oppressed the clan relatives. As a result, after walking all the way, he realized that many clans had better small clans than the main clans. Not only were the clan leaders generally falsed by various houses, some even had to rely on the clans to breathe.

The most taboo thing he is to "the clan's control over the property rights and personal rights of the clan" was also a mistaken player. This kind of power is actually patriarchal power rather than clan power. When the clan is small and patriarchal power and clan power are unified, the two are combined into one. After the clan has grown up, clan power and patriarchal power are separated, but patriarchal power is higher than clan power.

In the clan, the representative of patriarchy is not the patriarch, but the heads of each house. Even so, if the descendants have a promising career, they may become rich through business or become officials, the patriarch's control over personal rights and property rights is almost gone. Fan Zhongyan and Zhu Xi both hope that the property of the entire family will be distributed among the clan. In fact, it is a utopia in the world of Datong, almost utopian socialism, and even the descendants of their own clan have not achieved it.

"This kind of putting the cart before the horse is a sign of the collapse of rituals and music!" Zhu Cilang said loudly: "If the government cannot bring out the rectification of the trend, how can the world be peaceful?"

He saw several clan leaders nodding, feeling worried. He knew that he had found the right entry point and immediately announced: "So in the future, the genealogy of each clan, the clan, the clan, and the clan names will be archived in the government. Whenever there is a clan meeting, the people-friendly officials should bring this clan document to the meeting, and the three village elders, farmers, instructors, and the old man in other surnames will be Dong Zheng, so as not to bully others with power!" (To be continued...)
Chapter completed!