Ban Biao (3-54 AD), from Anling, Fufeng (now northeast of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province). He was born in a noble and Confucian family in the Han Dynasty, and was greatly influenced by family studies.

When he was young, he studied together with his brother Bansi and made many friends. When he was in his twenties, the peasant uprising failed and the heroes were in power. Wei Xiang held people to rule over Tianshui and followed him because of the refuge.

Because Wei Xiang was stubborn and stubbornly divided the throne, Ban Biao had to leave and defect to Dou Rong in Hexi. He was highly valued by Dou Rong and was appointed as the one who was engaged in this work. He planned for Dou Rong, surrendered to the Liu Xiu regime, and generalized the Xihe River to reject Wei Xiang. This was a contribution to the unification of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Emperor Guangwu (Liu Xiu) heard that he had his talents, summoned him, promoted Maocai, served as the county chief, and was also the Situ clerk. Ban Biao had written a comment at times and made many suggestions on current affairs, such as "The Reply of the Qiang School Commander", "The Supreme Word Selection of the Eastern Palace and the Officials of the Kingdoms", "Memorials and Answers to the Northern Xiongnu", etc.

Ban Biao focused on history, especially the history of the Han Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, Sima Qian wrote a historical book (later called "Records of the Grand Historian"), from the legendary Huangdi to the contemporary Emperor Wu of Han, the subsequent events were missing but no records were recorded. Later, more than a dozen scholars including Chu Shaosun, Liu Xiang, Liu Xin, Feng Shang, Yang Xiong all collected current events, and supplemented them. Ban Biao believed that the sequel to "many vulgarity" was not enough to follow Sima Qian's book. So he continued to collect the legacy of the Western Han Dynasty, and also wrote dozens of articles of "Later Biography". This book is a work of "Records of the Grand Historian", but "is not for the aristocratic family, but only for the record and the passage."

The original book of "Last Biography" has been lost, and its content has been mostly drawn from "Han Shu", but it cannot be clearly identified. The "Praise" of Emperor Yuan, Emperor Cheng of the Second Chronicles, Wei Xian, Zhai Fangjin, and the "Praise" of the "Last Biography" of "Last Biography" still retains Ban Biao's historical essays and texts of Ban Biao in "Han Shu", today's "Last Biography" of Emperor Cheng, Wei Xian, Zhai Fangjin, and the "Last Biography" of "Last Biography" still retains the historical essays of Ban Biao in "Han Shu", and the "Last Biography" of "Last Biography" of "Last Biography" of "Last Biography" still retains the historical essays of Ban Biao in "Han Shu".

Ban Biao once wrote a brief discussion on the gains and losses of previous historical studies, which was actually a reference and improvement for writing the "Later Biography". He briefly reviewed historians and historical records from the pre-Qin, Qin and Han dynasties, and focused on the content, genre, format and thought of the "Records of the Grand Historians". He said: "When Qian recorded it from the Han Yuan to the Wushang, his achievements were made." "However, he was good at preface and reason, argument but not gorgeous, and his quality was not wild, and his literary quality was consistent, which was probably the talent of a good historian." He fully affirmed Sima Qian's historical talent. But he also commented: "His discussion and learning was respected by Huang Lao and the "Five

The classics; if you follow the rules of business, you will be less benevolent and righteous, and you will be ashamed of poverty and humble; if you are traveling with the Tao, you will be less loyal and noble in the civilized achievements: this is a great injury to the Tao, so you will be more responsible for the extreme punishment... I am sincerely ordered Qian to follow the rules of the Five Classics, and he will be more in the same way as the right and wrong of the sages." This is extremely satirical to Sima Qian's heretical thoughts, which shows his authentic views, and is naturally also the guiding ideology for his writing of "Later Biography". "A Brief Discourse on the Preface" is an early historical paper in ancient China. It can be regarded as a representative of the Confucian orthodox historical viewpoints and has a certain status in the history of Chinese historian theory.
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