On December 10, 1680, the sea was vast and the sky was clear and blue.

The summer in Qingdao Port has always been extremely pleasant. The temperature is not too hot and the weather is very clear. It is suitable for people to travel and visit in the suburbs, especially when the population of this commercial city is increasing.

Urbanization, a term that originally appeared only in government policy research documents, is now increasingly well known to the new generation of East Coast cultural people who have read and attended school.

From a demographic perspective, urbanization is a process of continuous mechanical concentration of rural population into cities. Of course, in the East Coast country, a large number of immigrants are pouring into cities, which cannot be ignored.

From a geographical perspective, urbanization is a process of the transformation of rural landscape to urban landscape, which not only includes the process of concentrated population and non-agricultural activities to urban concentrations of varying scales and the regional promotion process of the transformation of rural landscape into urban landscapes, but also includes the process of spreading urban culture, lifestyles and values ​​to rural areas. These two points are particularly in line with the various situations on the East Coast today.

Take Qingdao Port as an example. After rural handicraftsmen get rich, their first thing is to move to a place with convenient transportation in the suburbs, reapply to build a few houses or buy ready-made houses as their new workshops. After all, most of the customers of many handicraftsmen live in the city, they will naturally approach the market and the city. After twenty or thirty years of the suburbs they live in, new urban areas often form. From this point of view, the East Coast urban planners built the first and second ring light rail railways for Qingdao County in one go, which was really foresighted, and they gave a large area of ​​land in advance for the future development of the city.

As for urban culture, lifestyles and values, the changes are naturally huge. Whether it is the cost and convenience of urban residents' education, the advanced level of living facilities, the amount of information reception and dissemination, and the intensity of competition, the second generation will always make them different from the residents in rural areas. As the saying goes, culture and values ​​have mutated, and discrimination has also vaguely grown.

In addition, from an economic perspective, urbanization refers to the process of the transformation of rural economy to urban economy, which mainly includes three levels of transformation: one is the transformation from the primary industry to the secondary industry and the tertiary industry; the second is the transition from the agricultural population to the non-agricultural population; the third is the transition from rural consumption to urban consumption.

In this regard, Qingdao County is actually a typical example. For fifty years, this largest port city on the east coast has benefited from the rise of the east coast and the strong development of industry and commerce, and has made rapid progress. At present, the primary industry in the county has shrunk greatly, and the return on growing grain is too low, which has caused more and more young people to abandon their parents' traditional professions and flock to the city to work. If they are not good, they will also want to make money in the Pampa Plain. The number of people who stick to agricultural planting has decreased greatly, and the overall age is also increasing year by year. Moreover, even the residents of Qingdao County who choose to continue to engage in agriculture prefer to form agricultural cooperatives, with vegetables, fruits, flowers, gardens and special breeding as the main business methods, and the market is for urban people. This is actually not a traditional primary industry, because they basically do not produce grain.

Now you go to the dock to take a look. From time to time, a grain transport ship will set sail from Hejian and Yazi Lake, and then arrive at Qingdao Port Wharf to unload the goods. In the inland areas, through the Qingmei Railway and the Southwest Railway branch line (Minghe County Qianjin Farm-Qingdao Port), La Plata Star trains are also loaded with corn, soybeans and wheat into Qingdao Railway Station. Not to mention, in Patagonia, far south, three or four ships are loaded with cattle, sheep, salt, salt, dried fruit and wheat arrive at Qingdao Port almost every month - Qing, which has a very high degree of urbanization

Island County is so special. While attracting merchants, craftsmen and business owners from all over the country, they also allow people from all over the country and even around the world to transport goods for their consumption. This is also the goal pursued by the East Coast people: produce everything themselves and monopolize all business. It is the stupidest way to make money without giving others some money. The trade balance under economic exploitation is the most perfect form. Otherwise, is it interesting to be a slave to gold and silver with a bunch of money? No one serves you, no one works for you, what do you make so much money?

Mr. Cecil, Ambassador of the Kingdom of England to the East Coast, just received a group of merchants from England. These merchants traveled thousands of miles from the Old Continent to transport many heavy horses, high-quality military white coal, lead-zinc ore, and a small number of immigrants from Ireland commissioned by Mendes. It is not wrong to say that they serve the East Coast people, because at the trade level, the British were significantly lower in the East Coast and their dependence on East Coast goods became increasingly serious.

Baron Cecil lived on the East Coast for almost seven years (he was transferred back to London for some time during the middle of the journey, and came to the East Coast as the English ambassador a few years ago). He had a deep understanding of the inside story of the East Coast, and read a lot of newspapers and books on the East Coast, and was naturally familiar with the word urbanization. Especially after confirming the development history of London, a giant city with a population of more than 400,000, it is no exaggeration to say that his income even exceeded that of most scholars studying urbanization in the East Coast government departments.

Compared with East Coast cities like Qingdao County, London's development is somewhat similar, but also somewhat different. In this huge and uninvited head of England, modern industry recognized by East Coast people has just begun, and most enterprises are not large in scale. Labor-intensive small production is the main body of the urban economy. Handicraft workshops, private small businesses and even families are the main places for urban economic activities. Employers are mainly craftsmen, small vendors, food wholesale (retailers) and low-level service personnel.

At the same time, the agricultural economy accounts for a large proportion of the national economy (in other European countries, the proportion of agricultural economy is much higher than that of England, and even occupies a dominant position), the agricultural production efficiency is low, and the surplus of agricultural products is small - of course this is not true in London, but there are also huge agricultural production areas around London that provide food and other commodities for the 400,000 people.

High birth rate and high mortality rate lead to insufficient population growth, which leads to insufficient "pull" for rural labor outflow, and the rural population transfer to cities is not fast enough. At this point, Baron Cecil is particularly envious of the East Coast people. Although they are pagans, they have to admit that their efforts in medical and health are very effective and are at the forefront of the world. Their government spends a large amount of money in the finances every year to train specialized talents such as doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and continuously build hospitals. At the same time, it also spends money that seems useless to promote diseases, and uses as simple and straightforward language as possible to let the public know what many types of diseases are, and how to avoid and prevent them. This is very important for improving the overall sanitation environment of the city and reducing the mortality rate.

Of course, since the East Coast people have been conducting disease control publicity on a large scale among the people, it is naturally unlikely that these things will be kept confidential. Baron Cecil has naturally collected a lot of information on this aspect over the years and has benefited a lot. After he sent back to England information on the causes, transmission routes, and how to prevent these diseases, back to England, it has indeed had a significant positive impact on the environmental sanitation of big cities like London.

But how to say it, perhaps there is a problem with the financial system of the British government - it can be said that it is a mess, with a few taxes such as tariffs and the others belonging to the government, but most of the taxes are temporary and seriously insufficient, requiring donations from nobles and merchants, in the name of "aid money" - almost no money is distributed to the sanitary environment. Baron Cecil was shocked by the messy layout, dirty environment and dense population of the London neighborhood, and was also disgusted. Sometimes he even fancied in his heart, who would put a big fire to make those messy

The houses that were hidden in dirt were burned, and the king ordered the re-planning of the streets, which must be better than now. He still remembered that more than ten years ago, several parishes such as St. Vidastre encountered fires, and many houses were burned. Then, at the initiative of Mr. Morris Thompson, bricks and stones produced in the suburbs of London were used as the main material for reconstruction, and the layout of streets, shipyards and some supporting workshops was re-planned, achieving excellent results. At present, the disease incidence rate in those parishes is the lowest and the environment is the best, which is a very telling problem.

In addition, it is indeed one of the reasons why the English people do not pay much attention to this. After all, there are not many knowledgeable people in China who are doing publicity like the East Coast. They are not very clear about themselves. How can they explain it to others? It is impossible to think about it. Therefore, it is actually an ordinary thing to implement policies well on the East Coast and make great discounts after going to the Old Continent. This is not that the English people are not working hard enough, but that they are too behind in the system and there is no way. As the East Coast people themselves said, the one who leads the most is not science and technology, but systems. From political systems to economic systems, social systems, scientific systems, education systems, etc., the gap is all-round.

Sir Charles, the former Baron Cecil, and the officials of the Golden Deer Store, attached great importance to the collection of the East Coast system and had sorted out many of them sent back to London. After all, these are public things that the East Coast people cannot hide. However, very few of these things sent back can play a role, and more are criticisms of the king's political system and the church's criticism of its religious system. Although the members of Congress seem to highly respect their economic system.

Of course, the Kingdom of England is not without benefits from it. For example, they implemented the "Patent Act" strictly enforced on the East Coast to protect the intellectual property rights of the inventors. Although it is difficult to say how it is implemented, at least the attitude was made. In addition, as mentioned above, although the government has financial difficulties and a large hole, it still took out part of the money to improve the sanitation of London's urban areas, employed hundreds of people to clean up garbage at night and transport it out of the city, while focusing on cultivating doctors.

The same is true in terms of science and technology. For talented urban children (subsidized by parish) or seemingly important scientific and technological research, the government will subsidize. Although the number is not large, it is better than not. It will definitely have positive positive significance for the development of science and technology in England.

But how to say, the money is still invested too little! Even though some famous gentlemen also contributed funds, the funding of the East Coast government is still pitifully less than that of the wealthy East Coast government, which makes people feel disheartened when they think about it. Baron Cecil plans to continue to write to the king after leaving office the year after returning to China, and at the same time give speeches in Parliament, urging the royal family and Congress to allocate funds and reform their backward facilities - the first step is to start with the environmental sanitation in London, which is crucial to reducing the mortality rate of urban children.

"Look at this street, this pier and this bay, if I remember correctly, the amount of garbage floating near the Thames estuary is dozens of times that of the east coast bay in front of me. The streets are even more stinky and there are a lot of feces. Craftsmen are nestling in low and humid houses made of rotten wood filled with rats and harmful bed bugs, and use their dark old eyes to process goods day and night. There are no beautiful brick houses, no tidy environment, no bright gas lamps, and no planned streets. The urbanization of London is too big compared to the urbanization of East coast people, just like London and Norwich,

The gap in Bristol is average." In the Golden Deer Store near the Bay Pier, Baron Cecil, who came by train, said to five or six businessmen from London from the Old Mainland: "I have some more important information about the urbanization of the East Coast Republic of China. I and my assistants have observed and sorted out in recent years. I have posted it once before. This is a new batch of insights and records. I hope you can help me to the Duke of Buckingham. He is an ideal and ambitious person, and he is highly appreciated by the king. He is also highly respected in the parliament. I hope it will be helpful to him. All I can do is this."
Chapter completed!