Chapter 639 The eve of the development of Western Australia
As early as 50,000 years ago, a group of indigenous people first came to the Australian continent to settle down. About two hundred years ago, a large number of white Europeans migrated, which was the second time that humans immigrated to Australia.
Europeans first discovered Australia when they were traveling east to look for gold and spices around the beginning of the 17th century and drew a nautical chart. The Dutch called this land New Holland, but it was not until the end of the 18th century that Captain Cook set out from Britain to the South Pacific and launched an expedition to discover eastern Australia and occupy the east coast, beginning the history of great immigration in Australia.
Shortly after Captain Cook discovered Australia, the United States declared independence, forcing Britain to find another place to exile criminals, so he opened a new prison in Australia. The policy of exile prisoners was not stopped in 1868, when criminals and released prisoners accounted for one-ninth of the population, and the rest were free colonization and native Australians. By this time, Australia had developed a large amount of land.
In 1850, Australia discovered gold and attracted millions of gold diggers to flock.
In the mid-nineteenth century, Australian society gradually began to understand the consciousness of nationalism. By the beginning of the twentieth century, Australia had developed into an urbanized country and formed the Australian Federation.
Today, Australia is in power and immigration is mainly based on Eurasia, forming a unique and diverse cultural characteristics.
Western Australian Governor Hobbit expressed a warm welcome to Fan Wubing's arrival again. Because of the successful issuance of Fantsey's stock, the company was able to form a second development boom in a short period of time. The economic development of the entire Western Australian was greatly affected, and the number of workers employed increased by about 5,000. As the company continues to expand, this number should have a greater development.
The employment opportunities of 5,000 people are almost negligible for Chinese people, but for Western Australia, that is quite impressive.
"The entire Western Australia can account for about one-third of Australia, but the population is less than two million. Among them, there are about 1.5 million people concentrated in the capital Perth. The employment opportunities of 5,000 people are indeed not a small number compared to this vast and sparsely populated state government. With the employees who have moved in before, the number of Western Australia residents currently working for the company has exceeded 10,000." Fan Wubing introduced to Shen Ying.
Shen Ying looked at the scenery outside the car window and felt like she had entered the primeval forest. If the road under her feet was not really cement, she would have thought she would have lost her way inside the forest, because kangaroos jumped over from time to time in the middle of the road, which made her feel a little excited.
"Look at it, it seems like a koala over there!" Shen Ying lowered the car window and shouted at a koala with an eucalyptus tree on the opposite side of the road.
Fan Wubing smiled and said, "The things look fun, but they actually bite people. However, the concept of animal protection here in Australia is very strong. You'd better not provoke those small animals, otherwise you'd be deported. In the past, some people from China came here to study and found that there were often pigeons in the yard. They just happened to be a few of them to stew the soup. As a result, these pigeons were wild, with a relatively rough and hard meat. They couldn't stew it after a long time, so they had to pour it out. The neighbor discovered this and went to the police station to report it. As a result, the man was arrested, with two years in prison and a fine of 10,000 Australian dollars."
"This criminal law is indeed quite strict." Shen Ying stuck out her tongue and said, "I wonder if it is illegal to step on the ants to death?"
"Then let's see if the ants you stepped on to death are in the protection." Fan Wubing replied with a smile.
Although Governor Hobbit expressed great enthusiasm for Fan Wubing's arrival, Australians' habits are different from those of Chinese people after all, so I took it lightly. Instead, I arranged for someone to accompany Fan Wubing and Shen Ying to visit the state government and gave them an explanation of the Australian political system throughout the process.
Fan Wubing had already experienced this process before, so naturally he would not feel anything new. However, this was Shen Ying's first time in Australia. She felt very novel and had a strong interest in everything. Fortunately, everyone's English level was good and there was no barrier to communication.
This time, the explanation for the two was Yang Huiling, a Taiwanese woman who had been a tour guide for Fan Wubing in Sydney. It was only more than two months since Fan Wubing arrived here.
Yang Huiling was also a little surprised to see Fan Wubing coming back so soon, but when she saw Shen Ying, who felt very fresh about everything, Yang Huiling couldn't help but envy this pair of golden boys and jade girls. It was a perfect match made by heaven.
"Australia is one of the Commonwealth members. The political institutions and habits follow Western traditions and implement a bicameral parliamentary system. Each state of the Senate has twelve seats, and half of the members are elected by referendum every three years, and the House of Representatives is elected by referendums according to the ratio of states. Members are elected by referendums for three years, with at least five representatives in each state. Party or multi-party alliances that make up the majority of the House of Representatives will form a government to provide candidates for prime ministers and ministers,
The government minister must be a member of parliament." Yang Huiling introduced to Shen Ying, "The cabinet is the main body for the government to formulate policies. It is chaired by the Prime Minister. About half of the ministers are cabinet members. Cabinet meetings are held in secret. The cabinet's decisions are legally effective after approval by the Administrative Committee. The Administrative Committee is a procedural organization chaired by the Governor. Although all ministers are members of the Administrative Committee, there are usually only two and three ministers attend the meeting."
"Is the Governor of Australia the Queen of England?" Shen Ying asked.
Yang Huiling shook her head and replied, "The Australian Governor is the representative of Queen Elizabeth II of the UK. His role is to mediate or make a decision when Parliament and the Prime Minister have serious differences on major national issues and must make decisions as soon as possible. However, in recent years, the Australian people have also tried to achieve an independent republican system to save the cost of establishing the Governor's Office and paying the annual cost of the Royal British tour of Australia. However, the survey of the people shows that more Australians are more accustomed to the current system, believing that the current system is beneficial and restricting centralization and national stability."
The Governor of Australia is the representative of the Australian monarch in Australia. According to the current Australian and British laws, Australia and Britain share a monarch, and this monarch is permanently resident in the United Kingdom. Therefore, the Governor of Australia generally exercises the position of head of state.
As the plenipotent representative of the monarch, the Governor has great rights in the law of law. The Constitution grants his country the highest administrative power. He is also the commander of the three armies, and can formulate and abolish decrees, and has the right to appoint and remove parliament, ministers and prime ministers. However, according to the traditional practice of the Westminster system in Britain, the Governor does not interfere in administration and exercises powers according to the Prime Minister's advice.
Similarly, the legal governor is nominated by the Prime Minister and appointed by the monarch. However, since Britain confirmed the independent status of the dominions in the 1930s, the monarch has never refused the nomination of the Australian Prime Minister. Similarly, in the issue of the appointment of the governor, the monarch only follows the opinions of the Australian Prime Minister and does not consider the suggestions of the British Prime Minister and the Parliament. In fact, the appointment and removal of the governor are in the hands of the Australian Prime Minister.
These legal and conventions sometimes cause controversy. In the constitutional crisis in 1975, Governor John Kerr disbanded Edward Whitlam's government as prime minister on the grounds that the Prime Minister was unable to pass the budget by the Senate.
At that time, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom decided not to interfere, on the grounds that Australia had become an independent country, and its governor was the head of state, and the constitutional crisis must be resolved by Australia itself.
John Kerr's actions have been controversial since then. Opponents believe that the law, according to the practice of Westminster, the Governor should not dissolve a government with a majority support in the House of Representatives. Politically, oppositions believe that a non-elected Governor should not have the right to dissolve a government elected by the people.
After listening to this passage of the situation, Shen Ying felt that the political structure of foreigners was really a bit inexplicable. She insisted on making it so complicated that she actually made them dizzy.
Fan Wubing said, "Actually, we can't laugh at them too much. After all, they are doing this to find a relatively perfect politics that can be supervised by each other, and are unwilling to concentrate power too much in the hands of one person. Isn't there a saying that absolute power leads to absolute. Although this degree can be large or small due to the personal factors of the ruling party, as long as it is centralized politics, it is easy to breed."
"It sounds like this system does not seem to be in line with our national conditions." Shen Ying said after hearing this.
Fan Wubing smiled and said, "Yeah, that's right."
Currently, the Australian Federation is divided into six states and two territories. The state is divided into federal states, state territories, and local government management.
The Australian Parliament and Government are responsible for handling all matters involving national interests, six state governments and state legislatures complement the activities of the federal government, and the Northern Region and the Australian Capital Territory are similar to those of the states, with autonomy to a large extent.
The powers and responsibilities of local governments vary. Generally speaking, they are responsible for town planning, managing parks, entertainment venues, swimming pools, public museums and community centers, building and maintenance of roads, streets and bridges, water supply, sewage and drainage systems, public health and sanitation, building supervision, weights and measures and other regulations.
The constitution stipulates that Australia's judicial power belongs to the Australian High Court and other courts established by the Australian Parliament. The Parliament established the Australian Federal Court and the Australian Family Court, which handled cases in some areas specifically stipulated by federal law. In addition, state courts are granted federal judicial power in certain areas. All states, capital territories and northern regions have their own court systems.
Australian law enforcement responsibilities are performed jointly by police from the federal, state and northern regions. Police in various regions independently uphold the laws of the state or region. However, many formal and informal cooperation are also carried out between them and governments. The Australian Federal Police Agency and the National Crime Stoppers Agency are the major law enforcement agencies of the federal government.
After three people and bodyguards moved in the state government for a while, they found a place to sit down.
The weather here was at the hottest time. Yang Huiling kept squirting with a travel guide, and sweat was still seen on her forehead. However, when the service staff from the state government saw that everyone was covered in sweat, they enthusiastically carried a big bucket over, which contained a cold ice cream inside, and asked everyone to taste it.
"Haha, this is probably the ice cream consumed by the state government itself. Everyone has tried it." Yang Huiling said with a smile.
After eating ice cream, he felt that the heat was gradually fading. Shen Ying said to Fan Wubing, "It's so hot here. If you want to get to the mining area, will the conditions be worse?"
"That's not necessarily the case. The mining area is in the north, and it's about 2,000 kilometers away from here, so it must be much cooler." Fan Wubing replied.
"More than two thousand kilometers?!" Shen Ying said with her eyes wide open, "Australia is really vast and sparsely populated! It's just that it's been a long time since it's driving."
"The driving is naturally very slow. We usually drive over the plane." Yang Huiling interrupted.
In the afternoon, Fan Wubing and his group of six took a small biplane and drove to the mining area for a walk. Shen Ying had a taste of the original prehistoric atmosphere of Australia and the grand scene of the mining area under development. Then he turned back to Perth and stayed at the branch station here to rest.
During dinner, Governor Hobbit and others visited and took a meal with Fan Wubing. During the meal, everyone talked about all kinds of gossip. Then Hobbit asked about Fan Wubing's purchase of the islands, and then said with great envy, "The government has now ordered a ban on continuing to sell islands for private development. The islands purchased by President Fan have already appreciated a lot at this time."
"If the governor likes it, I can give you an island." Fan Wubing said with a smile.
"n,n,n!" Hobbit waved his hand quickly, "I dare not ask for this! It will kill someone!"
Hobbit is still thinking about winning the position of prime minister during the next election. If someone knows that he is openly accepting bribes from foreigners, his current position will be immediately revoked. What are you talking about sustainable development?
In fact, Hobbit is very interested in Fan Wubing's mine development. The key reason is that the development of this industrial chain is not limited to the mining industry. It also provides tens of thousands of job opportunities in the direction of railway construction and port construction, and there are countless related beneficiaries. The Western Australian government, which has no construction atmosphere for many years, is now crowded with people, attracting many investors to settle in.
Chapter completed!