. Seeing that Danbing and Tu Lei did not stay in Lundo. Fortunately, the next day, the woman came back without waiting for Mangshi. Everyone attended the dinner held in the palace. The queen also presented Shen Ying with a medal.

When he returned to the hotel to rest, Shen Ying was still fiddling with the medal and asked Fan Wubing what medal was this?

"It's probably the kind of etiquette. Fan Wubing said casually, "There are many people visiting the British royal family every day. When they meet guests who the royal family thinks are worthy of their relationship, the queen will usually give away some worthless medals. On the one hand, it can prevent the royal record officer from getting paid in vain. On the other hand, it also leaves a deeper impression. Maybe everyone will have the opportunity to cooperate at any time. So, this medal is like the heirloom treasures given by Fang Shiyu's mother, and there are countless."

"Tsk, you'll make nonsense. You'll destroy a little good mood." Shen Ying said dissatisfiedly.

In the TV news that I opened casually, there are topics related to China. Last year, the white paper of Japan's Ministry of Industry and Industry officially mentioned for the first time that China has become a factory in the world. Recently, this has gradually become a common word for international description of the Chinese economy.

When talking about this topic, British TV stations quoted a research report from British companies, saying that China was already in the 21st century as Britain was in the 19th century. Moreover, China performed better and better.

Fan Wubing frowned a little when he heard this topic, obviously he did not agree with this statement.

In his opinion, this derogatory term, the West uses world factories to summarize today's Chinese economy, based on the historical experience of Western industrialization as the focus.

China is a little caught off guard, but the statement of world factories has gradually been accepted by China. People use the statement of world factories to express several different meanings, such as China is showing some characteristics of world factories, China has become world factories, and China should become world factories, etc.

However, the world's factories have always been full of temptations and traps.

"What is the world factory?" asked Fan Wubing.

Shen Ying shook her head, wondering what Fan Wubing wants to Ji.

The claim of world factories has a specific historical background. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain, with advanced technology, joint-stock company system, financial center status, and global colonies and powerful navy, established a global trade network centered on the British Isles. Moreover, Britain played the role of factories in international division of labor, while other countries played the role of raw material suppliers and consumer markets.

Products made in the UK are sold around the world, and their manufacturing scale and manufacturing capabilities are sufficient to affect global consumer product output and price.

At that time, the imitation weaving industry, mining industry, iron smelting industry, machine manufacturing industry and maritime industry supported the UK's world factory status.

Britain imported raw materials from all over the world, processed them, and then sold the finished products to other countries. Most of the products were exported. As Britain expanded its colonial expansion, it became an empire that never set. Britain dominated a global capitalist trading system.

At that time, Britain had the most advanced technology, the most advanced industrial organization form, the most complete division of labor system. In addition, the status of the UK's world factory also created the status of London's world financial center. In turn, London provided complete financial services for Britain's manufacturing and trade.

Through gunboat diplomacy or colonial rule, Britain established a colonial empire all over the world. Although Britain was an advocate of free trade, a large part of this free trade system was achieved through the colonization of backward countries, and trade activities were mainly carried out within the British colonial system.

"At that time, Britain was a veritable world factory, accounting for only two percent of the world's population. In the first seventy years of the 19th century, it had always controlled one-half of the world's industrial production and one-quarter of world trade." Fan Wubing explained, "Later, the rise of Germany, the rise of the United States, and the rise of Japan were generally called the center of world economic growth, and were called world factories in a period. However, when people use this word, the meaning of analogy is not fully possessing the entire characteristics of Britain at that time. To be precise, these countries are the centers of world manufacturing."

In contrast, China, after more than 20 years of reform and opening up, China's industry, especially manufacturing, has achieved remarkable results. In the past few years, China's annual industrial growth rate has reached 12%, and industrial product exports have grown rapidly. The export volume of some products has ranked first in the world. China's output of charcoal, steel, color TV, refrigerators, washing machines, microwave ovens, cameras, air conditioners, etc., has ranked first in the world. China's share of world trade has not only grown rapidly, but also China's position in the global value chain of division of labor has also taken "such as China's electronic products, technology products, and wine news products, which is increasing rapidly.

Chinese products have been spread all over the world, from European and American countries to developing countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America, and Chinese-made goods can be seen everywhere. China's double-digit growth rate has been maintained for many years.

In addition, China has become the largest recipient of foreign direct investment for two consecutive years. Multinational companies have regarded China as the most important link in the global industrial chain and one of the most important processing bases.

However, in terms of the overall level of China's manufacturing industry, it is far from reaching the UK's position in the world back then.

In terms of share, even compared with the United States and Japan, there is still a big gap, far less than the United Kingdom back then. The United States' industrial output value accounts for more than 20% of the world, Japan's manufacturing industry accounts for 15%, while China only accounts for 5% of the world.

Judging from the position on the value chain of manufacturing, China's manufacturing industry has not yet gotten rid of the end.

"China's manufacturing industry is still concentrated on the export of labor-intensive products. It has not mastered the main core technologies of today's manufacturing industry, but only assembled products at the last link of the global production chain. In terms of global marketing, most Chinese products have neither mastered channels nor have their own international brands. It can be said that Chinese manufacturing is a link of bleeding and sweating in the global industrial chain, and also a link of meager profits.

Fan Wubing said to Shen Ying with some depression, "To a large extent, China's manufacturing industry is the assembly industry. While importing a large amount of raw materials and energy, it also imports core components and patented technologies from abroad. The United Kingdom was the most advanced country in the world at that time. Therefore, China and the United Kingdom had an incomparable position in the world's advanced technology at that time. While the manufacturing technology level was low, the scale of China's local manufacturing industry was too large."

From a deeper perspective, China's financial market is not fully cultivated, which hinders the development of manufacturing to a higher level.

Judging from the examples of the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan, financial centers have all emerged with the growth of manufacturing and provide services to manufacturing. Domestic financial reforms have to take a long process. During this period, some necessary conditions for China's manufacturing industry exhibition, such as the enterprise system that matches the modern market economy, the capital market and financial service market, have all lagged behind, thus affecting the development of China's manufacturing industry.

"In fact, China is still a certain distance from the world's factory process. A sign of world factories is industrialization, but China has not yet achieved industrialization." Fan Wubing said. "According to the definition of the National Bureau of Statistics, industrialization means that the agricultural employment population must be less than 20%. At present, let alone reaching the level of the United Kingdom in the world, even if it wants to catch up with the manufacturing level of the United States and Japan, China still has at least a few decades to go."

After hearing Fan Wubing's words, Shen Ying couldn't help but think deeply, and then asked, "I heard what you said, it seems that the topic of world factories is not a good thing?"

"Obviously it's not a good thing." Fan Wubing nodded and said, "Who are Japan? You don't know? The current domestic development is faster, so it is inevitable to be jealous. These people are just afraid that China will not be in chaos and will eventually suppress their limelight. So they always think about reminding countries around the world to pay attention to China. Suppress China so that China cannot show off and steal their own limelight! Apart from this, "Do you think they are praising you?"

Fan Wubing's words made Shen Ying think for a long time.

As Fan Wubing said, China has a comparative advantage to become one of the global manufacturing centers.

For example, the trend of economic globalization continues to deepen, multinational companies further refine their production activities, and look for the most suitable production bases in the world with different production links of a product. This has led to an unprecedented acceleration of international industrial transfer, and the labor-intensive links of product processing continue to spread to developing countries, making developing countries like China likely to become assembly and export bases for capital and technology-intensive products.

Or, China has a good industrial foundation and supporting conditions. It has rich labor with high quality and low prices. Labor costs will not rise significantly for a considerable period of foreseeable time. Moreover, China is integrating into the world economy and has a relatively complete infrastructure to participate in international division of labor.
Chapter completed!