However, even in this situation, Emperor Hua still put forward the Asian Declaration without hesitation and resolutely!

The navy is different from the army. The army can perform various tactics, while the navy is completely in a wave of fashion. It is also important to have a small space for turnover and there is no flexible and changeable style of land warfare. It is often heard that land warfare defeats the strong with weak, but navy has very few. Even if the weak side wins, the weak will not be much weaker. It is basically an opponent of the same level. Otherwise, if the strong stand and don’t let you fight, you may not be able to beat it.

With the current level of technological development, it is a standard era of ironclad ships. Whoever has thick protection and heavy artillery is strong and fast, whoever is the boss. One warship after another is like a heavyweight boxing champion in the boxing ring!

The rise of a great power is first of all, and the strength of strength is the basis for becoming a great power. However, if a great power is ultimately recognized by the international community as a great power, it is not just a matter of its own strength.

On the road to becoming a great power, it will inevitably go through some major tests in foreign relations. A successful major power can not only stand the test, but more importantly, it lays a long-lasting diplomatic tradition as a great power with these major events.

The influences of these traditions are strategic and will in turn effectively promote the growth of strength.

Monroeism opened up a tradition of lasting strategic significance for American diplomacy.

The Emperor Hua is now proposing the Asia Declaration, and he is also taking this path. It is just the choice of timing for Emperor Hua, which is even more difficult!

It is not the leader of Emperor Hua, but the Emperor Hua has no way out. The small achievements he just achieved will be erased at any time. If Siberia and Central Asia are taken away and Kyushu Island in Japan are expelled, it may not be just an erasing problem.

What are the great powers?

A bunch of jackals and evil dogs!

At that time, it is very likely that the Eight-Nation Alliance will become an Eight-Nation Alliance early and pounce on China to share the meat. This is not impossible. Therefore, after Emperor Hua made this decision, he said that he was not anxious was deceiving himself. He could only silently endure and restrain himself, and try not to let others see his anxiety.

In response to Canning's suggestion, the US diplomatic decision-makers formed two different opinions. President Monroe and former Presidents Jefferson, Madison and others, despite distrust of Britain's intentions, still believed that "the United States should form an alliance with the only major powers that can harm it for security. This alliance will protect Latin America's independence, and perhaps, it is the best way to deter the Holy Alliance from supporting Spain.

Secretary of State Adams opposed accepting Canning's suggestion, believing that it is much more open and decent to declare our principles to Russia and France than to act as a small boat that follows British warships, and advocates that the United States should express its own opinions independently.

According to the national strategy theory, the national strategy has five types: hegemony, self-help, avoidance, ride-hailing and surpassing.

From the perspective of national strategy, the two different opinions of the US decision-makers can be roughly classified as ride-hailing and self-service, and surpassing strategy.

Monroe and others initially advocated accepting Canning's suggestion and issued a statement with the United Kingdom to use the power of Britain to achieve the purpose of maintaining Latin America's independence and seeking American security. As Jefferson said, "With Great Britain together, we don't have to be afraid of the whole world."

When the United States was weak at that time, this was an ideal choice. It made sense that it could be supported by most people at the US decision-makers at that time.

But this strategy is a conservative and negative choice. For a vibrant and powerful country that wants to make a difference, no major strategic choice can be left in front of you.

The Monroe Declaration declared a positive choice, which did not echo the British suggestion, and put aside the initiative of the "superpower" at that time, expressed its own independent opinions, reflecting the spirit of a big country as a new country.

At the same time, it surpassed the disputes between the great powers and did not intervene in possible oppositions and conflicts between the great powers. The Monroe Declaration was not targeted at specific countries, did not establish an enemy for the United States, and catered to the needs of the "pan-American" idea that was widely present in Latin America at that time, and therefore was widely welcomed by Latin American countries at that time.

Monroeism showed the world that the United States had begun to exert its own influence on the world as an independent power for half a century and its national strength was still weak.

The Monroe Declaration caused different reactions from the great powers, but the end result was that Britain had no choice but to accept Monroeism, the Holy Alliance was hit hard, and the United States won a diplomatic victory.

Excluding other evaluation factors, from the perspective of national interests and strategies, the Monroe Declaration was successful. In later history, Monroeism shaped the United States' foreign relations in fact and diplomatic style for more than a century. The future development of the United States is inseparable from the role of Monroeism.

Monroeism was published in the face of weak national strength of the United States. Its proposal and long-lasting influence were due to the foresight of the decision-makers at that time. From the perspective of national strategy, the revelation was multifaceted, and its significance had surpassed the Monroe Declaration and even international relations itself.

First of all, Monroeism reflects the positive impact of the advanced nature of a country's social system on diplomatic decision-making.

Diplomacy is fundamentally a continuation of internal affairs. The diplomatic level is largely a reflection of the domestic political situation. Advanced political systems that can stand the test can inspire the vigorous vitality of the people. An advanced domestic political system will provide diplomacy with an appropriate and efficient decision-making system, creating a positive and enterprising diplomatic style, and is the source of the power of active diplomacy.

Moreover, the attraction of advanced systems is itself a huge advantage of diplomacy. It attracts other countries to learn from their own systems and increase mutual trust, and the effect it produces is irreplaceable by material power.

On the contrary, a backward political system will restrict diplomacy from taking initiative. On the one hand, a backward political system determines the backwardness of the diplomatic decision-making system and the insolent administrative efficiency; on the other hand, a backward domestic political system often becomes the target of attacks by other countries in diplomacy, and the great energy of diplomatic personnel will be constrained to cope with the rationality of the interpretation system, and diplomatic strategic decisions will inevitably be affected.

It can be asserted that the strength of a country that does not have institutional appeal will be greatly restricted and it will be difficult to grow into a long-lasting power.

Ernst R. May once pointed out that in terms of Monroeism, the results are best understood through domestic politics.

Adams's insights were recognized and finally published in the form of the Monroe Declaration, and were the product of the appropriate diplomatic decision-making system in the United States.

The democratic republic system is the most advanced social system of mankind before the birth of the socialist system.

At that time, the monarchy system was in an absolute dominance in the world. At that time, the ills of the monarchy system had been fully exposed and had already shown a decline in Western European countries. In contrast, the vitality and vitality of the American democratic republic system. The American political elites and ordinary people were full of confidence in the democratic republic system. The American isolationist idea included an understanding of the superiority of the democratic republic system, and separated the unique system of the United States from the authoritarian system of the old continent.

The Monroe Declaration ultimately also includes an understanding of the superiority of its own political system. The "two-hemisphereism" and "non-extended principles" in Monroeism. The former proposed is based on the fact that the institutions of Europe and America are completely different. It includes the belief that the democratic republic system established by the United States and the United States hope to establish in the new independent countries in the Americas are better than the monarchical autocracy in the old continent; the latter refers to the attempt of the United States to expand their backward autocracy and colonial systems to the Americas as a threat to American peace and security, and oppose the Holy Alliance to restore the old system in Latin America. If there is an advanced system to choose from, it should not retreat to the backward system.

The "non-colonial principle" and the "non-interference principle" also contain some factors that believe that the democratic republic system is superior to the authoritarian colonial system.

It cannot be ruled out that the Monroe Declaration issued by the decision makers of the United States at an absolute disadvantage in the country's strength at that time included factors that had full confidence in the democratic republic system, and the understanding of the superiority of the political system led to positive diplomatic actions, although the material power required by the United States to play this role would not actually exist if further tested.

Monroeism is widely welcomed in Latin American countries, because Bolivar, Saint Martin and others yearn for a democratic republic system in Latin America, and their yearning for a common system promoted the understanding of Latin America and the United States, and the superiority of the American political system transformed into diplomatic advantages.

Secondly, Monroeism is the continuation and development of American political elites' determination and confidence to build a strong country.

Whether a country wants to strive for a strong country must be decided by itself.

When the strength is weak, countries often choose to ride a ride strategy to accumulate strength for the rise of the country.

However, a country must eventually rise into a big country, especially an emerging leading country, show a vibrant national mentality before establishing its status as a big country, show a strong desire and confidence to pursue national strength, and present a positive and proactive attitude in diplomatic style. In layman's terms, before the status of an emerging big country is established, its actions must at least be like a big country.

On the premise of maintaining harmony with the existing international system, at some critical moments, with the help of some major events, we will clearly express our independent position to the world with the attitude of a major country, and not only declare to the world the influence of its own country as a major country, because the success of a country's struggle for the status of a major country ultimately depends on the recognition of other countries, but also establish a lasting tradition for its own diplomacy. The continued tradition of strong power diplomacy is the continuous driving force for the country's strength.

Of course, this is not about taking responsibility beyond the ability to achieve international status when the country is not strong enough, and pursuing an international status that cannot be achieved if its strength is not strong enough.

The success of Monroeism was also reflected in the long-term. Until Emperor Hua traveled from modern times, the United States was actually using this set of diplomatic ideas to guide the theoretical guidance of American international diplomacy.

During President Roosevelt's reign, he pursued Monroeism. In his farewell speech, Washington expressed the idea of ​​building a "free and progressive great country" and setting a "noble and novel example of a nation guided by justice and kindness" for mankind. Building a new and powerful country is the unchanging pursuit of the political elites of the past after the founding of the United States, and the emerging United States showed signs of vigorous development.

After the founding of the United States, it had long pursued isolationist ideas, did not intervene in disputes between the great powers, and devoted itself to improving its own strength. However, in some major international events, the United States had begun to show its attitude as an emerging power. In dealing with the issue of France during the Revolution, in the 1812 US-British War, American diplomacy began to show its own characteristics. With the publication of the Monroe Declaration, the United States as an emerging power appeared on the international stage.

Adams's opinion can be accepted by other American decision makers. With Adams' personal factors, more importantly, Monroe and other decision makers also have the ideal of pursuing national strength. It is not that Adams has established crucial beliefs through one person's struggle, but that Monroe has formed the thinking that the United States should be equal to the United Kingdom.

The United States' attitude of a great power is also fully reflected in the Monroe Declaration. Monroeism shows that the United States was already a great power in 1823, and that country had already enjoyed the respect it has today.

Apart from other factors, the strong confidence and determination of the US decision-makers in the country played a crucial role in the publication of the Monroe Declaration.

While maintaining isolationism overall, at a critical moment, American decision-makers seized the opportunity to win the recognition of the great powers and created a tradition of continuation. In fact, it was not until the Monroe Declaration that the United States began to be regarded as a great power at that time, and its status as a great power was accepted by the great powers. Monroeism became the "capstone of American diplomacy, creating a new diplomatic tradition in the United States and continuing for a long time.

Finally, emerging powers should lead international relations toward civilized progress.

Looking at the development process of the international community, we can see that the international community is constantly moving towards civilization and progress, and this trend drives the continuous progress of international relations and towards civilization.

At the same time, the development of the international community is phased, and the international community has specific requirements for the behavior and moral norms of major powers in different historical periods.

The existing great powers maintain their status as a great power and the rise of emerging great powers will inevitably consciously or unconsciously make their behavior and moral level meet the requirements of the times and become the guides for the progress of the international relations system; the great powers that cannot adapt to the requirements of the progress of the times will eventually be abandoned by historical choices in the course of historical development.

The evolution of the international community from the initial state of war against each person to the relative civilization is the inevitable result of historical progress.

For emerging powers in the process of rising, they not only need to strengthen their own strength, but also introduce new norms to the international community in the field of international relations and lead the international relations in the era toward civilized progress. If this is achieved, the country will be supported by moral strength.

Therefore, the proposal of Emperor Hua’s Asian Declaration will also be used as a long-term foreign policy for China.
Chapter completed!