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[1241 The Kingdom of Italy rejected China's invitation to purchase arms]

According to Emperor Hua's instructions, Emperor Hua's accompanying diplomats met with Italian diplomats and expressed his idea of ​​ordering warships from the Kingdom of Italy.

This was originally a great thing for the Italian Kingdom, because their industrial capabilities are currently second only to Britain and France in Europe, and even above Germany, but they have never been very famous. If they can enhance the reputation of the Italian industry through large transactions such as foreign warship sales, it will not only be conducive to the development of their own military industry, but also drive the overall growth of other industries!

However, the next day, Emperor Hua received a clear rejection from the Kingdom of Italy.

"It seems that the attitudes of European countries should be similar to those of the Kingdom of Italy. When they see that His Majesty completely turned against Britain, they will take a cold attitude towards us." Princess Katrina Kaif asked worriedly.

The cute president licked his lips. The Kingdom of Italy rejected his military purchase request, and he refused directly before the bargaining stage even came. He did not intend to do business with China at all. This was something that Emperor Hua did not expect.

Is it really that difficult? Is the influence of the British really so great?

Emperor Hua even began to doubt his previous judgment, "If you can't do business with the Kingdom of Italy and purchase warships from abroad, you can only count on Germany. Even if Germany agrees, the price will definitely be outrageous!"

Princess Katrina Kaif nodded and said, "Yes, the best situation is that we will send out purchase invitations to the UK, France, the Kingdom of Italy and Germany at the same time, so that the four of them will fight for it, which will be the most beneficial to lower the price. But it may not work now. I didn't expect that the British people's influence is really so great. Your Majesty, what should I do now?"

Hua Huang stood up with a serious expression. He didn't have to keep his nerves at all times. Now he is indeed facing difficulties, and it is useless to pretend to be calm. However, Hua Huang still maintained his demeanor. If it was a penis before rebirth, if it was a difficult problem, how could he keep this calm?

"Forget it, if you don't do business with us, don't do business with us. Go to the Kingdom of Spain and complete this diplomatic journey according to the scheduled itinerary." Emperor Hua said heavy words.

Princess Katrina Kaif whispered softly, "I'll go and arrange it right away."

She knew that His Majesty had no choice now. This was the first time Princess Katrina Kaifu saw the emperor so anxious. She couldn't help but feel uncomfortable, but she had no choice. The only way was to not ask for help and make China stronger. Emperor Hua would not have to suffer this humiliation, but how could this be possible?

After Princess Katrina Kaif left, the cute president clenched his fists. Damn, he couldn't even give out the money? He couldn't figure out the German and Austrian countries, but he was so afraid of the British!

Although the Chinese Army is now enough to protect itself, the weakness of the Chinese Navy has brought the biggest obstacle to the Emperor's diplomacy!

If the Chinese navy can enter the ranks of the second-strongest, not to mention that compared with Britain, France, Tsarist Russia, Germany, it will be able to reach the level of Spain, the Netherlands and the United States, and it will not be so despised!

Emperor Hua knew that France was fighting against the British in the 18th century.

Britain and France have maintained a period of easing relations for nearly 20 years, which ensures the overall balance of European political, military and economic forces.

The previous battle of the Augsburg alliance and the confrontation between the forces led by Britain and France from 1702 to 1711 have exhausted each other. The decision makers weighed the trade-offs and temporarily stopped the war.

Because of the war, France was greatly damaged in foreign trade and the government bonds increased significantly. The amount of interest paid alone was equivalent to the country's annual income.

For this reason, France urgently needs to obtain a relatively stable external environment to seek respite.

At the same time, the issue of succession to the throne plagues the monarchies in London and Paris, which were extremely unhappy with any attempt to change the status quo, and gradually discovered that working together between the two countries on many issues is more conducive to each other's development.

In 1719, Britain and France jointly used force to prevent Spain from advancing its expansion policy in Italy.

In the 1730s, the easing situation began to shake.

The ready-to-go French people are more eager to restore their dominant position in Europe. The issue of succession to the throne has come to an end to the Paris monarchy to have the will to compete for hegemony. The peace in the past 20 years has promoted France's prosperity and steadily increased its overseas trade.

When France quickly improved relations with Spain under its Prime Minister Fleury and expanded diplomatic activities to Eastern Europe, Britain was struggling to stay outside of continental affairs under the leadership of cautious isolationist Walpole.

When France attacked Austrian Lorraine and Milan in 1733 and entered the Rhineland, the British authorities showed an out-of-fact attitude towards this.

Without any assistance from Waopol, who pursued an isolation policy, Vienna was forced to negotiate with Paris and signed a compromise peace treaty with Paris in 1738.

With the military and diplomatic victory in Western Europe, the support of the Faspise alliance, the fear of the United Provinces of France, and Sweden and even Austria obeyed France's words, France's reputation reached its peak since the early days of Louis XIV.

The following year, when the French diplomatic authorities negotiated to end the Russian-Austrian War against the Ottoman Empire (1735-1739), thus returning the seized territory to Turkey by these two Eastern monarchies, France's reputation was at its peak.

The British government under Walpole was able to calm down at first and ignore many changes in the continent, but commercial interest groups and political opposition became increasingly concerned about Britain's lucrative colonial trade in the Western Hemisphere and the expansion of conflicting colonists, which laid the groundwork for a dispute.

In October 1739, Walpole's cabinet finally couldn't sit still and reluctantly agreed to go to war with Spain. The British-Spanish War, which had not been decided by France to give Spain various forms of aid, especially "outside the boundaries" of the Caribbean Sea, might have been just one of a series of regional wars between Britain and Spain in the 18th century.

Compared with the Spanish throne succession war from 1702 to 1713, the Bourbon regime's position of competition with Britain at sea has been greatly improved, especially because the British army and naval equipment is incomplete and cannot conquer the Spanish colonies as many authoritative figures in China expect.

When Frederick the Great took advantage of the opportunity of Teresa's inheritance of the throne of the Holy Roman Empire to seize Silesia from the winter of 1740 to 1741; when French politicians on the other side of the strait planned step by step; when the situation in Europe had undergone drastic changes and Britain could no longer ignore it, their attention was once again directed at the opponents of the mainland.

At this time, the anti-Austrian group in France fully supported Prussia and Bavaria to seize the legacy of the Habsburg dynasty, leading to a re-alignment between Britain and Austria.

Maria Teresa, who was surrounded by enemies, was overjoyed.

The British provided assistance to the Austrians and temporarily withdrew Prussia and Saxony from the war through mediation. Through military operations in Deyangen in 1743, they saved Austria, protected Hannover, and eliminated French influence in Germany.

In 1744, the confrontation between Britain and France evolved into a formal war, and the conflict became more intense.

The French army marched northward, crossed the border fortress of the Austrian Netherlands, and headed straight to the Netherlands, which was no longer as good as before, and was at a loss.

At sea, the Royal Navy imposed an increasingly severe blockade on French trade due to the failure of the Bourbon fleet.

Except for super-large countries like China and the United States, few countries are not afraid of blockades, including the Tsarist Russian Empire in the 19th century.

Overseas, in the West Indies, up the St. Lawrence River, around Madras, along the trade route leading to Levant, the offensive and counterattack continued.

In 1743, Prussia re-opened war against Austria, but two years later, it was persuaded by Britain to withdraw from the war again.

British financial support could be used to maintain order in Austria, to buy mercenaries to defend Hanover, and even to hire a Russian army to defend the Netherlands.

By 18th century standards, such wars cost too much, and many British people complained about the growing taxes and the doubled government debt.

But gradually, the war forced France, which was even more exhausted than Britain, to seek a compromise peace.

The dual trade-offs between geographical and fiscal factors finally forced the British and French governments to sign the Aachen Treaty (1748) to resolve their differences.

On the day the peace talks were completed, the Netherlands was under the control of France's iron hoof, but this did not compensate for the losses caused by France's overseas trade that was increasingly controlled by Britain, nor did it compensate for the loss of major French colonies.

For Britain, if France conquered the Low Countries, the British occupation of Louisburg on the St. Lawrence River and the sea victory of Anson and Hawks would be tasteless.

As a result, diplomatic negotiations restored the original state in full, with Frederick's conquest of Silesia as an important exception.

The Aachen Peace Treaty was essentially just an armistice agreement rather than a lasting peace treaty. It made Maria Theresa eager to retaliate against Prussia, made France consider how to win on land and at sea, and made Britain deliberately defeat its enemies in the next war not only in sea and colonial wars, but also in mainland wars.

France and the Habsburg dynasty temporarily abandoned their past grudges and joined Austria and Russia to fight Prussia, while Berlin replaced Vienna and became London's ally on the mainland.

At first glance, the French-Austria-Russian alliance seemed to have the upper hand.

From a military perspective, they had a decisive advantage over their opponents, and by 1757, Frederick lost all the territory he had seized earlier, and the British-German coalition forces commanded by the Duke of Cumberland had surrendered, which put Hanover and Prussia itself in a dangerous situation.

Minorca has fallen into the hands of the French army, and on a more distant battlefield, France and its local allies have also won steadily.

Torn up the Utrecht peace treaty, for Austria, it seems that it is within reach.

The reason why this situation did not happen is that the British-Prussian alliance has advantages in three important aspects: leadership, financial support, and the strategic and tactics of the Army and Navy.

Frederick's ability to govern the country and military talents were beyond doubt. He successfully concentrated all the forces of Prussia on the goal of winning military victory, and he fully utilized his military command ability on the battlefield.

The contributions of William Pitt cannot be ignored. After all, he is not a dictator, but only a member of the politician. He has to distinguish himself from those sensitive, jealous colleagues, and work with the changing public and a newly ascended king. At the same time, he must implement and implement an effective grand strategic intention.

His achievements could not be simply measured by several sugar-producing islands seized by Britain or by several Indian kings supported by France, because if the British enemies occupied Hannover and wiped out Prussia, all of which could only be temporary.

Pete gradually realized that the path to success to the final victory was to use a "continental" strategy to make up for the shortcomings of the "maritime" strategy that everyone was eager to do, on the condition that it provided large-scale funding to Frederick's army and to pay a considerable "warning army" in Germany to protect Hannover and curb France.
Chapter completed!
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