The first is that such as demanding lower taxes, condemning the behavior of "representative officials and troopers", criticizing and requiring the rulers of the Magami vassal state to correct the "monopoly system" and rioting letters of the feudal state, which itself has the political nature of resisting and criticizing the rule of the Magami vassal state. Ω Please read the book W ｗ Ω Ｗ∮.

∮ＱingＫanＳhu．

cC

The second is that the fundamental spiritual motivation that drives the town people to destroy the action is the "change consciousness" that requires the change of the world.

In particular, the latter's "replacement consciousness" truly represents the class position and political tendencies of the Makumocho people.

The so-called "reform consciousness" means the idea that requires the old world to be changed into the new world.

At the end of this concept, due to the increasing success of shogunate politics, people's awareness of changing the world is stronger. Not only does it often appear in "fall" such as "what people look forward to is the world of correction", but also such as "Ikki, the Ikki, the Ikki of the People" and "Ikki, the Ikki of the City", the destruction of riots has also become a manifestation of the "restoring consciousness", which is called "restoring Ikki".

The "Change Ikki" that Edomachi people continued to move from April to May to June in the second year of Keio (1866), not only lasted for a long time and "destroyed violently", but also affected Japan.

The destruction riots of Osaka-machi people in May of the same year echoed this, and the scale expanded to almost all cities along the Osaka Bay coast from the south of Hyogo to Kishu, which greatly shook the authority of the Shogunate, severely hit the power of the Shogunate, and sounded the death knell of the shogunate rule.

The Japanese love to burn, kill, and rob, which is not only reflected in external aggression, but also in their own internal reforms, but also in their own way of burn, kill, and rob.

If President Meng had not understood these Japanese anti-scenes movements, he would have been unable to grasp the current progress of the Meiji Restoration in Japan, nor would he have been able to understand the conditions for the emergence of the Meiji Restoration in Japan.

The rise of "resential consciousness" and the frequent occurrence of "resential Ikki" are also importantly related to the rise of the reverence consciousness of the Makumocho people.

Since the town class itself has not reached the point where it can seize power like the Western bourgeoisie, then to achieve the goal of replacing the old world as the new world, we can only place our hopes on the authority of the emperor.

Therefore, at the end of the curtain, "changing the world" and "respecting the king" and "reverse the curtain" have almost become synonyms. Ω Please read the book W÷wΩＷ∮.

∮ＱingＫanＳhu．

cC

The sense of honoring the king is particularly strong among the people of Kazuka-cho, especially among the people of Kyoto-cho.

The class composition of the Anti-Bully Movement was: the emerging landlord class, which occupied a large amount of land, some rented out land and collected land rent, but was still feudal. Some hired people to farm, which was of capitalist farm nature. However, their land was still the property of the feudal lords in law, and they had to assume feudal obligations, so they had profound contradictions with the King of Movement, and they were politically inclined to the bourgeoisie and became one of the leaders of the Anti-Bully Movement.

The emerging bourgeoisie, an emerging class, was in a politically powerless position, and its economic development was restricted by the feudal system and had strong revolutionary requirements. However, because it was in the initial stage of its formation, some people often invested in land and became new landlords, with the characteristics of landlords and capitalists as two responsibilities. Therefore, they were very weak in politics and were unable to lead a bourgeois revolutionary movement alone.

The big bourgeoisie is mainly some privileged big merchants and usury living in big cities, such as Mitsui, Sumitomo, Hongchi, Ono, etc. They are all privileged merchants, belonging to the commercial bourgeoisie, having connections with feudal lords, but also having conflicts. Although they lack revolutionary requirements, they do not refuse reforms that are beneficial to their own.

As capitalism developed, the daimyo of the southwestern vassals, the daimyo of the Satsuma, Tosa and Shinshu vassals in the southwestern vassals also began to operate commercial and handicraft workshops. They gradually approached merchants and capitalists and began to be dissatisfied with the shogunate rule.

Middle-level samurai, middle-level samurai, have no real political power, and are often deducted and exploited by generals and Daming in terms of economy, causing some samurai to lose their source of life and become "ronin". They "hate their masters like enemies", some sell their samurai status and become adopted sons in rich families; some intermarry with rich families to save economic difficulties; some go to business and run handicraft workshops; some come into contact with Western bourgeois culture and have the desire to take the capitalist path.

Through the above approaches, the economic status and worldview of some middle and lower samurai transformed into the bourgeoisie. By the middle and lower samurai, these middle and lower samurai were basically bourgeoisie, becoming the political spokespersons of the immature bourgeoisie, and successfully led the anti-curve movement.

In 1865, the movement to respect the king and expel the barbarians transformed into an armed downward trend. Please read the book WｗΩＷΩ.

∫ＱingＫanＳhu．

cC

In 1866, Satsuma and the samurai warriors from the two feudal families of Changzhou formed an alliance.

In 1867, the young Emperor Meiji succeeded to the throne, and the Anti-Magami faction received the Emperor's Secret Imperial Examination.

The anti-shog faction launched a coup, announced the "retro of the king's politics", abolished the shogunate rule, and established a new government.

The reformists represented by Okubo Rito, Saigo Takamori, Kido Takayun and others took control of the regime and ordered the last shogun Tokugawa Keiki to hand over the territory.

In 1868, Tokugawa Keiki gathered his troops to counterattack, but was defeated by the inverted army in the Battle of Toba Fumimi and his power was eliminated.

The victory of the Anti-Chaos movement laid the foundation for the Meiji Restoration in Japan, which is now beginning.

As early as 1837, Oshita Hirahachiro, who was a lower-level samurai, launched an armed uprising in Osaka, opposing the tyranny of the shogunate, and hundreds of people participated.

Although it was suppressed within one day, the uprising became a signal to overthrow the shogunate rule.

Since the mid-60s, the Japanese people have set off a storm of struggle.

In this process, the lower samurai among the four feudals of Takashu, Satsuma, Tosa and Himemaki in southwestern Japan quickly expanded their strength and became the main force of the Japanese bourgeoisie and the fall of the sea.

In June 1863, the shogunate was forced to declare "extinguishing the barbarians", which led to the incident of American and French warships attacking Xiaguan and British fleets attacking the Satsuma vassal.

In the spring of 1865, Takasugi Shin-sao, the leader of the Changzhou vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal vassal

At the same time, the UK also weighed its interests, changed its strategies, and assisted the detonation faction.

The shogunate defected to France and launched a second war to fight against the Choshu family in July 1866.

At this time, the people's uprising was surging, and it hit the shogunate heavily.

The Choshu family united the anti-shog forces to fight bravely, and in September of the same year, the shogunate retreated.

The authority of the shogunate plummeted.

In 1867, Emperor Komei died, Prince Muruhito (i.e. Emperor Meiji) ascended the throne, and the inverted forces actively formed alliances to raise troops.

The Anti-Mao faction stepped up activities in the palace, contacted some powerful people, and won the support of the young Emperor Meiji, and obtained the secret decree to crack down on the Fukuo.

On November 8, the Emperor issued a secret decree to crack down on the curtain.

On the 9th, the shogunate general Tokugawa Keiki requested "returning back to the great power", but at the same time gathered elite troops in Osaka, trying to divide and disintegrate the anti-shog faction, waiting for the opportunity to make a comeback, and attempting to rebel.

On January 3, 1868 (the year of Wuchen), the Emperor released the "Ru Zheng Retro Grand Order" and abolished the shogunate, causing Tokugawa Keihi to "resign from his official position and accept the land."

In early 1868, Tokugawa Keiki sneaked out of Kyoto and fled to Osaka, gathered troops and waited for an opportunity to counterattack, and an open civil war broke out.

On the 8th and 1st, Tokugawa Keiki announced the "Royal Masashi Retro Order" in Osaka as illegal.

On January 27, the 5ooo people of the Emperor's Army, mainly with Sasaka and Nagata, fought fiercely with 15,000 shogunate troops near Kyoto. In the Fushimi and Toba areas near Kyoto, the anti-shogunate troops fought a decisive battle with the government troops.

In this battle, the shogunate army was defeated on its entire front, and the shogunate army achieved a decisive victory. The shogunate army pursued the victory and rushed straight to Edo. Tokugawa Kiyoshi was forced to surrender, and Tokugawa Kiyoshi was defeated and left Edo. The "Wuchen War" began. The Emperor's army launched a large-scale eastern expedition, forcing Tokugawa Kiyoshi to hand over Edo Castle on May 3, 1868, and by early November, the rebellious vassals in the northeast region were pacified, and the war was basically over.

In the spring of 1869, the Emperor's Army set out to conquer Hokkaido and captured the last stronghold of the remnants of the shogunate, Wukou (Hakodate), on June 27, and the Wuchen War ended.

During the war, the struggle of the Japanese masses strongly cooperated with the Emperor's Army to fight, which was an important reason for the Emperor's government to win the war.

In this way, the last feudal shogunate regime in Japan was overthrown.

In 1869, the Meiji Emperor's government moved from Kyoto to Tokyo and began a series of political and economic reforms, namely the Meiji Restoration.

The Anti-Sutra movement was a bourgeois revolutionary movement in the mid-19th century, which was composed of Japanese middle-level samurai, usury merchants, capitalists, emerging landlords and daimyos from the southwestern vassals. With the support of the people, the people armed overthrow the feudal shogunate rule.

Japan was able to rise rapidly in the 1870s and 1880s. President Meng believes that this power transfer played a big role.

Why do you say so?

When a regime is overthrown, a newly replaced regime will use a large number of new people, which will make the state's power very concentrated, and the new regime always has this characteristic.

Japan is not a big one, with a single population, a high literacy rate, and a high concentration of state power. It is really like a bunch of ants carrying things. The whole country is united and efficient, just like a bunch of ants working together to do something. This is not something that the Qing Dynasty did not have.

Even if the upper class of the entire Qing Dynasty reached a consensus that it was necessary to reform and vigorously carry out the Westernization Movement. It was impossible for Japan to grow a poor and backward feudal country into a capitalist country in about ten years.

Danzhou, the cute president, is very similar to Japan. Moreover, because the cute president is rich, he even has a national bank, so Danzhou's innate footsteps are very similar to the cute president's body, like a strong child!

In addition to the complex population composition, Danzhou, the cute president, has much better civilized conditions than the Japanese.
Chapter completed!